Greenland

Greenland Kalaallit Nunaat(Greenlandic:, "Land of the Greenlanders"; Danish: Grønland) is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between theArctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, East of the Canadian Arctic islands. Although it is geographically part of North America, the continent is Greenland politically and culturally associated with Europe (because of the historic ties with Denmark and Norway). The country is, on a number of smaller islands after, almost entirely formed by one large island that also is called Greenland .

Greenland is inhabited by Indians, but not continuously, since 2500 BC at the end of the 10th century Norwegians on the then uninhabited southern part of Greenland. In the 13th century, the Inuit, and the Norwegian colonies were abandoned in the 15th century. In the early 18th century it was restored contact between Scandinavia and Greenland and Denmark established its dominion over Greenland.

Greenland became a Danish colony in 1814, after centuries under the rule of Denmark-Norway. With the Constitution of Denmark from 1953, Greenland became part of the Kingdom of Denmark, in a relationship known in Danish as Rigsfællesskabet (Commonwealth Government).

In 1979, Denmark granted home rule to Greenland and in 2008 Greenland chose sure to more power of the Danish Federal Government to the local Greenland Government to transfer. The law was in force, the following year with the Danish Government responsible for Foreign Affairs, security (defence, police and justice), the financial policy and the granting of a subsidy of 3.4 billion Danish kroner, or about 7,900 per Greenlander € per year.

Greenland is the world's largest island (Australia and Antarctica are bigger, but are seen and not as if continents Islands). With a population of 56.615 inhabitants (estimate of January 2011) is the least populated dependent country or area of the world, with a population density of 0.03/km².



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[hide] *1 Geography  ==Geography[ Edit] == Greenland is geographically in North America and geological seen to the Canadian shield. 80% of the country is covered with a layer of ice up to 3 km thickness. Only the coastal strip of 15 – 150 km wide, especially in the South and West, is habitable, partly due to the influence of the Gulf stream. The coasts are carved with huge fjords andglaciers, which regularly hosts icebergs of breaking down. Because of the very northern location of Greenland, it is often difficult to the size of Greenland in the right proportion visible on a map, the country has on a Mercator projection seemingly the size of Africa. The surface of Greenland is, however, with 2.175.600 of it just a little smaller than that of the Arabian Peninsula (similar to four times the area of France). The southernmost point of Greenland is Cape Farewell and the northernmost point on the Mainland is Cape Morris Jesup. The Grand Canyon of Greenland is a gap discovered in 2013 under the ice pack. ===Climate[ Edit] === Greenland has largely a polar climate in the Interior and a Tundra climate along the coast. In a thin strip along the southwest coast the sea has a moderating influence. In winter the temperature can drop to-50 ° c in the Interior. In the summer it is-10 ° c in the Interior and along the coasts is 0 to 10 degrees. On the southwest coast can sometimes be against the 20 ° c in summer. ==History<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="371" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">According to archaeologists is Greenland since 2500 b.c. almost continuously in at least one part of the island inhabited by one of the Inuit-different, successive, cultures, coming from North America.
 * 1.1 Climate
 * 2 History
 * 2.1 administrative divisions
 * 3 Population
 * 3.1 population groups
 * 3.2 Religion
 * 4 Economy
 * 5 Politics
 * 5.1 political parties
 * 6 Etymology
 * 7 external link

===Administrative divisions<span class="mw-editsection" len="337" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="714" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Greenland consists of two municipality free areas (Northeast Greenland National park and Pituffik), and four municipalities (kommunia):<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" len="161" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]
 * 981 -The Norwegian Erik the Red lands through Iceland on the Greenland coast.
 * 985 -establishment of the first settlers.
 * Ca. 1000-introduction of Christianity by Leif Eriksson.
 * 1261 -Greenland under Norwegian administration.
 * 1397 -Greenland officially Danish area (Union of Kalmar).
 * 15th century-The Viking colonies disappear by the colder of the island, as a result of the changing climate (little ice age).
 * 1721 -early re-colonisation by Denmark.
 * 1774-1951 -trade with Greenland is a State-ownedmonopoly.
 * 1951-Danish-American Convention with regard to common defence of Greenland.
 * 1953 -Greenland obtains limited self-government within the Danish Kingdom.
 * 1979 -Greenland obtains self-government within the Danish Kingdom.
 * 1982 -Greenland referendum approves for a withdrawal from the European Community.
 * 1985 -Greenland leaves the European Community.
 * on June 21, 2009 -2009 Greenland got almost complete self-government. This following a referendum held in 2008 in which 3/4 of the Greenlanders voted for more autonomy.

==Population<span class="mw-editsection" len="325" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===Population Groups<span class="mw-editsection" len="333" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The original inhabitants, the Inuit (also called Eskimos), are traditionally nomads. Along with the Greenlanders, a mixture of Danish and Inuit, they constitute 88% of the population of 57,600. The remaining 12% are of European descent, the majority of which is Danish . The vast majority of inhabitants live in the Southwest. They speakGreenlandic (that is closely related to the Inuktitut) and Danish, both of which are official languages . The Inuktitut becomes since the referendum of 26 november 2008 recognized as an official language. In the basic American soldiers are stationed Thule . ===Religion<span class="mw-editsection" len="323" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Most of the Greenlanders is Christian. Over 64.2% of the Greenlanders belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church, this was the State Churchuntil 1954. 30.2% of the Greenlanders belongs to another Christian Church. 3.4% is not religious. ==Economy<span class="mw-editsection" len="324" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Greenland economy relies mainly on fishing, hunting, sheep farming and tourism. One more whale products and export under furs. Historically, mining products such as quartz, mica, lead, zinc and iron ore were also key export products, but the last mine was closed in 1990. Under the ice sheet Diamond and uranium are also found. This is so far not to mine, but by the global warming can be started the mining here in the future. Also is there for decades, a Danish ban on the mining of uranium, because of the potential security risks. In October 2013 the Greenland Parliament narrowly voted for the lifting of this ban.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" len="161" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]
 * Kommune Kujalleq (code ISO 3166-2: GL-KU), formed from the former municipalities of Nanortalik, Qaqortoq and Narsaq.
 * Kommuneqarfik Sermersooq (code ISO 3166-2: GL-SM), formed from the former municipalities, Ammassalik takes Illoqqortoormiut, Ivittuut, Nuuk and Paamiut.
 * Qaasuitsup Kommunia (code ISO 3166-2: GL-QA), formed from the former municipalities Aasiaat, Ilulissat , Qaanaaq Kangaatsiaq, Disko Island, Qasigiannguit,Uummannaq , Upernavik and.
 * Qeqqata Kommunia (code ISO 3166-2: GL-QE), formed from the former municipalities Maniitsoq and Sisimiut.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There are also expectations about possible oil extraction, but exploration drillings for the time being, fell against.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" len="161" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [6] ==Politics<span class="mw-editsection" len="324" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Since 1953 Greenland is Denmark's autonomous . This autonomy was further expanded In 1979 . The head of State of Greenland is the Danish Queen Margrethe II. A Governor on behalf of the Queen fulfills the role of Governor.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Greenland is a parliamentary democracy with universal suffrage and a 31 seats storey Parliament ( Landsting). The Prime Minister of Greenland is the Cabinet for and is usually a member of the largest party in the Parliament. The current is Aleqa Hammond since 5 april 2013.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Greenland is-in contrast to Denmark-not a member of the European Union.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 10 January 2008 premier Hans Enoksen announced a referendum, in which a proposal was submitted to the people for greater autonomy with a commitment to full independence. The referendum took place on 26 november 2008, and the result was that three fourth of the population sought greater autonomy of Greenland.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">This made the self-government of Greenland on June 21st, 2009 expanded, exactly 300 years after the country was colonized by Denmark. This step will eventually lead to full independence. ===Political parties<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="53" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Greenland counts some main political parties:

==Etymologie<span class="mw-editsection" len="327" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Greenland gets its name from the Norwegian Erik the Red. Eiríks saga rauða according to the he decided-after he declared an outlaw in Iceland was-to look for a land west of Iceland by Gunnbjörn, seen that before was one. He found the land and called it ' Greenland ' (old NorseGrœnland ': '), despite the fact that it was covered to a large extent by ice. According to the stories he gave the country the name because he thought it probably would attract other settlers if it had a convenient name. The South of Greenland can be actually very green in the summer, and it's quite likely that in the time of Erik the Red was even greener than it is today.
 * Atassut (A) sense of Community solidarity (conservative, in favour of the Union between Denmark and Greenland)
 * Siumut (S)-forwards (social democratic, advocate far-reaching autonomy, but maintaining the Union between Denmark and Greenland)
 * Inuit Ataqatigiit -Inuitgemeenschap (left, favor complete independence from Denmark)
 * Demokraatit (D)-Democrats (Liberal Party)
 * Kattusseqatigiit (K)-Independents (Group of independent candidates in the Greenland Parliament)