Anglican Church

The term Anglican Church (from the Middle Latin anglicanus, 'English') in the European context usually refers to the Church of England (Church of England), officially the Episcopal Church of England. The church was born out of the mission activities of Roman soldiers and merchants and initially with the world church of Romecommitted to in 1534 a schism came about through Henry VIII . Today there are many Anglican churches worldwide that are connected in the Anglican Communion .



Contents
 ==History [  edit ] == Already in the first centuries after Christ, there is an ordered church community there with a bishop in London . The cores in the north ( Lindisfarne , York ) and in the south ( Salisbury , Canterbury ) grew under the sacred Augustine of Canterbury ( 597 - 604 ), founder of the Catholic Church in England, one (in today's terms) more nationally federation, which focused heavily on Rome. The term "Ecclesia Anglicana" ("English Church") is already in the Magna Carta for ( 1215 ). ===[The  origin of the Anglican Church edit ]  === Thomas Cranmer at the stakeThomas Cranmer (July 2, 1489 - Oxford, March 21, 1556) was the 1st Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of the English kings Henry VIII and Edward VI .
 * 1 History
 * 1.1 The development of the Anglican Church
 * 1.2 Today
 * 2 Faith and exercise
 * 2.1 Sacraments
 * 2.2 Priesthood
 * 3 Structure of the Anglican Church
 * 3.1 Belgium and Netherlands
 * 4 External links

Cranmer realized in 1533 the annulment of the marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon and declared Hendriks second marriage to Anne Boleyn valid. In the same year a new princess was born, Elizabeth I, and was Cranmer by Pope Clement VII excommunicated .

In 1533 Henry puts the Act of Supremacy to parliament. This is to ask the parliament to Henry head of the Church and thus to recognize that the King of England is the man who had the greatest power on earth, directly under God and thus the head of the Church of England.

As a first measure of the new church head a more liberal marriage laws were promulgated.

Then the monastic orders be dissolved and Henry required the monks to remove the roofs of churches and monasteries, so that they soon find themselves in a state of disrepair. Henry confiscated the goods of the Catholic Church and those of the monasteries and congregations. The proceeds were for the English crown and his close associates. The aversion which had many Englishmen of Rome played him at all in the map.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">One year later, in 1534 the Act of Supremacy is believed that the Anglican Church emerged as an independent institution.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Cranmer was reformist and stimulated new church communities of Protestant refugees. He favored a quick protest anti lilac of the Anglican Church, and enter a strong antiroomse course. The universal authority of the pope was denied and in 1534 the band was broken with Rome. That year was also the obligatory celibacy abolished.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Theologically was Henry VIII conservative and averse to the Reformation thought. The liturgy also was virtually identical to that of the Roman Catholic Church. In this time there was so much controversy over the determining internal positions of the "new church". Protestants (reformation) won influence and the relationship with the Catholics was tense.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Hendriks lord chancellor Thomas More, who is also a leading humanist scholar and friend of Erasmus was resisted stubbornly against both the separation from Catherine of Aragon as against the break with Rome.However thereby Henry refused to be dissuaded from his plans.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Thomas More fell, was tried for treason and beheaded in 1535. Even John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester , was arrested for his opposition to Henry; when the Pope Fisher then elevated to cardinal, he also finished in the same year on the scaffold.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">There was some scattered Roman Catholic opposition, but there are Catholics who have filed untouched. The Protestants were now well savagely persecuted. Later came more closer to the Protestants. Rome granted by the title "Fidei Defensor" Henry eventually becomes lost and he was even excommunicated in 1538, but that title was in 1544 by the English Parliament again hereditary assigned to the crown prince, his 7-year-old son, Edward VI. To this day bears the English / British head of state this title but not, as originally intended, as a defender of the Catholic faith but that of the Anglican Church, of which he / she is formally the head.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 1548 Cranmer introduced the English Book of Common Prayer, which replaced the old Latin liturgy. He can be regarded as the founder of the Anglican theology. Eventually led to the influences of the English Reformation to a middle ground between Romanists and Protestants. The Anglican Church was born. Religious controversies will eventually lead to the English Civil War in the 17th century.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">After Thomas Cranmer had played an important political role during the brief reign of Edward VI, who died in 1553 at age 15, and even shorter reign of Lady Jane Grey, who retired at the age of 15 (and was later beheaded) came in 1553 Mary Tudor in power.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">She was returning from England to the Catholic Church as a primary goal and thereby shunned no means; Thus it acquired the nickname 'Bloody Mary'. Many opponents came at the stake. Her campaign also led to Cranmers trial as a heretic and condemned to the stake. Thus he acquired the status of martyr and a kind of saint in the Anglican tradition.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Eventually, the influences of the English led Reformation to a middle ("via media"), located between Romanists and Puritans positioned. In the tradition of the Church they also unites Evangelical and Catholic faith elements. She calls herself "catholic and reformed," one could say "Catholic but not Roman." Religion follows the form of the Church of England, as especially in the Book of Common Prayer by Thomas Cranmerwere formulated. The hierarchical structure is typically Catholic, the freedom of belief, worship and doctrine of justification previously based on the Reformation. Mandatory celibacy know the Anglican Church in 1534 on do not. ===Today <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Church of England now has about 13.4 million members. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1] The head of state of the United Kingdom is formally the head of the Anglican Church. The entire Anglican Communion has estimated that approximately 85 million members. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The "Church of England" with its two church provinces ( York and Canterbury ) having a large number of other Anglican churches worldwide Anglican Communion . The legal independence and the absence of a formal teaching authority at the highest level can lead to tensions. Thus caused the Episcopal Church (the Anglican Church USA) severe tensions by ordaining a bishop who was not eligible for ordination to general Anglican standards. A special committee did extensive research and its recommendations in the so-called. Windsor Report ( 2004 ) are now being studied worldwide and are expected in 2008 ( Lambethconferentieleading bishops) to further regulations and / or measures.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In a larger context, one can speak of other Churches which in doctrine or liturgical its tradition Anglican, but here quite a separation of forms such as the Free Church of England (Free Church of England), or any number of "continuing churches" (continuing churches ), for example, from dissatisfaction with the ordination of women came into being. The Traditional Anglican Communion is the most obvious. ==Doctrine and practice <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">After the king or queen of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury, the head of the church. He compared the Pope of Rome is not the same authority over his church.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Two major approaches within the Anglican Church, the Upper Church (High Church), which is a "high" or objectifying doctrinal concept is the essence of the Church and the sacraments, and it is more catholic leather, and the Lower Church ( Low Church), which has more evangelical and subjectifying characteristics as the personal choice of faith strongly emphasized. ===<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Sacraments  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Anglican Church has - like most denominations - sacraments . To the extent that we consider this or not as based on the Gospel, one makes in the Anglican Church a distinction between the sacraments:Baptism and Eucharist are considered evangelical sacraments, confession , marriage , confirmation , ordination and anointing of the sick and non-evangelical. It depends on the movement within the Anglican Church how important is the role of the sacraments in the liturgy . In the High Church, which is very similar in form to the Catholic sacraments have a more important role than in the Low Church where the preaching more central. ===<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Priesthood  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The priesthood or the sacrament of ordination is similar to that of the Catholic Church. In the Anglican Church's ordination office has three degrees, that of deacon , presbyter and bishop . However, there are also differences. Since 1534 it is celibacy not required. In the 20th century, the office is also open to women. That was done in stages. Since 1986 women can be ordained a deacon, a priest since 1993 and since 2005 bishop. ==<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;">[Structure  of the Anglican Church <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;">edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">]  == Map of the dioceses of the Anglican Church in England. The church province Canterbury in yellow; the archdiocese York is in pink.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Anglican Church is organized in dioceses . The dioceses are united in a church province . Inside a church province, there is only one archdiocese whose archbishop also automatically metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province is. In addition, the Anglican Church has also suffragan bishops . These are bishops who are linked to a diocesan bishop, similar to the auxiliary bishops in the Catholic Church. Moreover, the Anglican Church has thirty eight primates. They are the supreme body of the global Anglican Communion . Some of these primate shelves are connected to a particular diocese, like that of Canterbury. Others are not, such as the primacy of Canada. ===Belgium and the Netherlands <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Belgium, the Church of England has an estimated 10,000 members, mostly concentrated in big cities like Brussels and Antwerp. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3] The Church of England has approximately 30,000 members in Netherlands [https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.uk&sl=nl&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding&usg=ALkJrhgSmvPee-JqyCgbBJfN5AmT0vV4RQ#Bron_gevraagd <sup class="noprint nopopups" style="line-height:1;">[source? ]] . 10% of believers going to church every week [https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.co.uk&sl=nl&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding&usg=ALkJrhgSmvPee-JqyCgbBJfN5AmT0vV4RQ#Bron_gevraagd <sup class="noprint nopopups" style="line-height:1;">[source? ]] . In the twelve Anglican churches in the Netherlands meet weekly total of 2000 to 3000 people.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Episcopal Church of the United States, the Anglican Church of America, has one parish in Waterloo . <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4] ==External links <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * <span style="border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-bottom-color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:11.8999996185303px;cursor:help;color:rgb(85,85,85);" title="Language: English">(S)  International website of the Anglican Church
 * <span style="border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-bottom-color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:11.8999996185303px;cursor:help;color:rgb(85,85,85);" title="Language: English">(S)  Anglican liturgical website
 * <span style="border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-bottom-color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:11.8999996185303px;cursor:help;color:rgb(85,85,85);" title="Language: English">(S)  The Prayer Book Society