Emergency

The state of emergency or martial law is an extraordinary legal status under a public announcement of a government that the normal state and legislation temporarily no longer applicable.

During an emergency, a government very decisive action without first asking permission about anything or to consult with people.

When natural disasters such as a flood, an earthquake or a hurricane , the state of emergency can be declared. The state of emergency in war called "state of war ". In more serious cases (eg supply is cut off, city surrounded) a "state of siege "to be announced.

Contents

 * 1 In a dictatorship
 * 2 After World War II
 * 3 Twenty-first century
 * 4 In the Netherlands
 * 5 Other meanings

In a dictatorship
The state of emergency is, because of the increased powers and weakened government control has proved a favorite weapon of dictators. In some countries, such as Syria 's state of emergency for years been in force. Hitler knew by the imposition of emergency rule in February 1933 to put the game out of parliament. For these reasons, according to the ICCPR a state of emergency last only 90 days and must be reported to the United Nations.

After World War II
For the "State of Siege" in Poland from 1981 to 1983, see History of Poland and Jaruzelski .

Twenty-first century

 * Pakistan from November 3 to December 15 2007
 * Egypt from August 14 2013 . Travel to this country is strongly recommended until 12-11-2013.
 * Thailand from May 20 2014 .

In the Netherlands
Since the introduction of the National Emergencies Act in 1996. The Netherlands has two types of emergency "limited state of emergency" and "public emergency". If the government by royal decree restricted or public emergency and proclaims this decision in the Official Gazette is published, all kinds of emergency measures can be implemented. Those emergency measures specified in laws like the Law extraordinary powers civil authority, the War Act for the Netherlands , Emergency Act of justice, Law displacement population , Wet military inundatiën, National Service Framework Act, Inkwartieringswet , Transportation Emergency Act, Harbour Emergency Act, Hamsterwet, Distribution Act, Vorderingswet, Emergency Act Food Facilities, Emergency Act Employment , Emergency Act physicians, Emergency Act financial transactions, Vaarplichtwet.

The government might then proceed to evacuation of the population, claiming all kinds of helpers and tools, areas of bounds or declare a curfew set.

In the event of an impending levee breach can declare a state of emergency. Several so-called emergency decrees can be effective. A water authority may proceed to direct strengthening of defenses, without consultation with owners, tenants or other persons involved.