Summertime

Daylight Saving Time (in Belgium also often daylight saving time) is the time during the summer months, is held by the clock moves ahead one hour, ie the clock to leave for an hour walk to the standard time (which is also called winter time mentioned in this context ).

In summer the sun rises so early that it is already light when most people are still asleep. By moving the clock the sun seems to arrive late and go under again. This makes the 'darker in the morning and continues the evening just slightly longer. The period of daylight is so better corresponds to the period in which most people are awake. The idea behind DST is that it could be so cut back on (electrical) lighting. However, the energy-saving effect of summer time is controversial.

About 70 countries are making twice a year the clock. The European Union runs the summer time on the last Sunday of March to the last Sunday in October. 

Content
*1 Origins  ==Origins [  edit ] == In ancient times the daily routine was flexibly adapted to the length of the day. So the day began for the Romans at sunrise and ended at sunset. That day was divided into twelve hours, and therefore the hour in the winter were shorter than in the summer.
 * 2 History
 * 3 Criticism
 * 4 Use in different countries
 * 4.1 General
 * 4.2 Australia
 * 4.3 Belgium
 * 4.4 Brazil
 * 4.5 Canada
 * 4.6 Chile
 * 4.7 China
 * 4.8 Cuba
 * 4.9 Europe
 * 4:10 Egypt
 * 4:11 Philippines
 * 4:12 Guatemala
 * 4:13 Honduras
 * 4:14 India
 * 4:15 Iran
 * 4:16 Israel
 * 4:17 Italy
 * 4:18 Japan
 * 4:19 Jordan
 * 4:20 Kyrgyzstan
 * 4:21 Libya
 * 4:22 Morocco
 * 4:23 Mexico
 * 4:24 Mongolia
 * 4:25 Namibia
 * 4:26 Netherlands
 * 4:27 New Zealand
 * 4:28 Pakistan
 * 4:29 Peru
 * 4:30 Portugal
 * 4:31 Russia and the former Soviet Union
 * 4:32 Syria
 * 4:33 Taiwan
 * 4:34 Tunisia
 * 4:35 United Kingdom
 * 4:36 United States
 * 4:37   South Korea

When the length of an hour was recorded in the Middle Ages to sixty minutes, however, a gap in hours of sunshine between the summer and winter. [1]

It has been claimed that DST was first proposed by Benjamin Franklin and in an anonymous letter to the editor of the Journal of Paris. However, the article was meant as a joke and furthermore Franklin did not propose to introduce summer time, but that one had to get up earlier in the summer and go to bed to save on candles. [1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The first serious proposal came from the New Zealander George Vernon Hudson in 1895, who wanted to adjust the time to the rhythm of man rather than vice versa. He therefore wanted the clock summer two hour forward. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-isgeschiedenis_1-2" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Englishman William Willett came into its Waste of Daylight (Waste of daylight) in 1907 with a similar proposal, but he was not able to get it done by the British government, despite the support of a significant group of MPs. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[2] ==History <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The first practical application of daylight saving time was by the German government during the First World War, between April 30, 1916 and October 1, 1916. Soon afterwards followed the UK for the first time on May 21, 1916 until October 1, 1916. Then Congress conducted the United States on March 19, 1918 several time zones in (which since 1883 had been used by the railways) and made ​​DST official (entering into force on March 31) for the remainder of the First World War.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Between the two world wars and in the Second World War was in several European countries in the summer time use.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The oil crisis of 1973, which sparked a wave of energy saving measures, was for many European countries led to re-enter the summer time. Spain and Albania began here in 1974 with. In 1975 followed Greece andCyprus . France followedin 1976 , Nederland , België , Luxemburg , Portugal en Polen in 1977 , Tsjecho-Slowakije , Bulgarije en Roemenië in 1979 . The Federal Republic waited until 1980, until about an appointment with the GDR was made. Also, Austria , Denmark , Hungary , Norway and Sweden joined old. In 1981 followed the Soviet Union , Switzerland , Finland and Liechtenstein, and in 1983 Yugoslavia . In1985 joined Andorra themselves as the last country in Europe. ==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Critiquing  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Western Europe the clock runs normally even before the solar time (in the Benelux about 35 minutes). During the summer time this becomes even more an hour. This extra hour by some people considered too large.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">An important concern is the laborious changeovers between summer and winter. Plants need when the sun is highest need more water. By changing the clock it is no longer in the summer between 12:00 and 13:00 but an hour later. Growers and caregivers of plants should take this into account during the summertime. In horticulture, the control equipment during the summer months adjusted, so that the climate strategy for the crop does not change. Animals will not adapt itself well. If they do already, then only after some time, and if they are dependent on people. This can cause problems, such as in animal husbandry where cows an hour earlier will not suddenly stand up. Also, people are struggling to adapt to changes in the daily routine. Children, elderly and evening people here have experience, allowing them to get into the week after the adjustment overtired. In 2007, scientists at the University of Groningen , in collaboration with the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Munich , showed that summer time has a long and rather large effect on the biological clock of man. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[3]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Proponents, however, argue that summer time has more advantages than disadvantages. In addition, they drew mainly energy saving advantage, probably because it can be expressed in money, unlike some other benefits like nice long summer evenings. Opponents doubt whether the lower lighting costs higher air conditioning costs or compensation. In the US state of Arizona has been in 1967 for this reason decided the summertime, which was then used once to abolish.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">There are also people to handle all the year round summer time. Benefits of this are that there are no laborious changeovers are more, and yet keep the benefits of the long summer evenings. In winter 'summer time' the advantage that many people come home before dark, instead of people in the dark and go home in the dark coming home which creates the feeling that the sun does not show all day. The little bit of sunlight upon returning home could make enough vitamin D to a "winter blues" preventable. In February and March, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages because the sun in those months already one to two hours earlier than rises in December and January. A major drawback is the fact that the morning or very long dark would remain (in the Netherlands would then from mid-December to mid-January for example - on average - 9:40 pm rather than remain dark until 8:40 pm). These disadvantages have a small effect, because during that period, productivity has been lower because of the holidays. ==Use in several countries <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:inherit;font-size:11.1333608627319px;"><span style="border-style:none;border-width:initial;color:rgb(26,128,230);">██  Areas that use daylight saving time

<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:inherit;font-size:11.1333608627319px;"><span style="border-style:none;border-width:initial;color:rgb(239,105,10);">██  Areas that do not observe DST more

<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:inherit;font-size:11.1333608627319px;"><span style="border-style:none;border-width:initial;color:rgb(192,0,0);">██  Areas that have never used Daylight Saving Time ===General <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">DST makes sense only in regions between the tropics and the polar circles, since the length of the tropical day does not vary enough and summer days at both poles have no night. Hawaii , Thailand and the northern parts of Australia for example, do not use daylight saving time. Also Iceland does not use daylight saving time. Tasmania performs DST earlier and for a longer period than the other Australian states that use daylight saving time. The same applies to, for example, New Zealand .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Moreover, the DST on the other hemisphere works the other way. We put in Europe the clock forward one hour, then goes about the same time in Australia - if one uses there summertime - the clock back an hour, back to standard time. The time difference is therefore in the European summer, two hours less than in the European winter. ===Australia <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Australia, the use or not DST is a matter for each state / territory individually. The Australian Capital Territory , South Australia , New South Wales , Tasmania and Victoria use daylight saving time. To the New South Wales belonging Lord Howe Island is unique in the sense that the difference between summer and winter time is not quite, but a half hour. The Northern Territory , Western Australia and Queensland do not use daylight saving time. Queensland tried the early seventies and again in the nineties, but it did not hit and was abolished again. Western Australia tried between 1917 and 1992 to introduce six times, but three times it was by a narrow majority of the population in a referendum rejected.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">For the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney was summer time introduced two months earlier than normal (on August 27 instead of the last Sunday in October), to allow athletes and spectators enjoy the evening more of daylight.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Since 2008, DST starts on the first Sunday in October and ends on the first Sunday of April. ===Belgium <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">During the First World War led Germany since 1916 DST also in occupied Belgium. From 1919 through early 1940 was introduced summer time each year at irregular dates in Belgium. The Royal Decree of September 15, 1928 concluded that the summer time every year, on the night of the 2nd or 3rd Saturday to Sunday from April to two hours, began at the night of Saturday to Sunday the 1st of the month October to 3 hours, to finish. In May 1940, the clock (which was already gone over to summer time) by order of the German occupying forces even an hour resistance: before the clock ran in Belgium on Greenwich Mean Time(UTC / GMT), and from that moment on Central European Time (CET). DST used was entered in 1940 ran until the end of 1942. From 1943 to 1946 and then since 1977 Belgium daylight saving time. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[4] ===Brazil <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Brazil experimented for the first time with daylight saving time in 1931 . In 1985 DST was introduced definitively, for the whole country. Since then, gradually, most states in the North and Northeast fallen, and since 2003 the summer time only applies even in the eleven southern states of the country (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Distrito Federal). Until 2007 the start and end times were variable. This was determined each year by presidential decree. Usually the summer time began at midnight on a Sunday in October (sometimes in November) and finished at midnight on a Sunday in February or March. Since 2008 DST always on the third Sunday in October and ends always starts on the third Sunday in February, unless it coincides with Carnival because then daylight saving time is extended by one week. ===Canada <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Daylight Saving Time is in Canada a provincial jurisdiction. Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Ontario , Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories , Nova Scotia , Quebec and the Yukonfollow the United States and start so since 2007 daylight saving time on the second Sunday of March and stop it on the first Sunday of November. Newfoundland and Nunavut remain with the old rule: the first Sunday of April and the last Sunday in October. In British Columbia, Nunavut, Ontario and Quebec are areas that do not use Daylight Saving Time. Saskatchewan does not have daylight saving. ===Chile <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Chile used since 1927 daylight saving time. At the time, the country was divided into two zones. The current law of 2008 applies to the entire country and provides that DST begins at midnight on the last Saturday of October and will end at midnight on the second Saturday of march. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[5] In some years the data were adjusted for political or climatological reasons. In 2015, the government decided to stay permanently in the summer time. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[6] ===China <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The PRC has of late eighties to early nineties tested the summertime. Partly because of the size of the country was summertime found not practical. China now uses one time zone that applies to the entire country.China's first daylight saving time began in 1986 on May 3 at midnight. The following years it started again mid April DST always ended mid September, after that in 1991 it was abolished. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[7] ===Cuba <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Cuba has long been used summertime and uses a variable period. For example, the country had an ongoing summertime from 27 March 2004 until 29 October 2006, a period of more than two and a half years.Since 2007 the DST runs regularly again. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[8] ===Europe <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Europe there is a directive adopted by the European Union . This applies to all EU countries. Since 2002, the rule is as follows:

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Since the time of transition is tied to 01:00 UTC in all European time zones (west, central and east) the clock at the same time resistance. The earliest starting date is set under this rule March 25 (as in 2012), the earliest date October 25 (as in 2009). For the data from last year to over 3 years see top right.
 * DST begins on the last Sunday of March, when the clock at 01:00 UTC (Dutch / Belgian time: 2:00 pm) an hour is put forward, and ends on the last Sunday in October, when the clock at 01: 00 UTC (Netherlands / Belgium: 3:00 pm daylight saving time) will be put back an hour. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[9]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Also, almost all European countries that are not members of the EU following this directive. The exceptions are Iceland , Russia and Belarus (that do not use daylight saving time).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">For 2002, the rules were slightly different:

===Egypt <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Egypt has long made ​​use of summer time. Normally started on the last Friday of April and lasted until the last Thursday in September, always at midnight. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[11] In 2010, the summer time was during Ramadantemporarily interrupted, so that year the clock was to be four times resistance. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[12] On April 20, 2011 DST was abolished. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[13] In the spring of 2014 has once again decided to introduce summer time, with a break during Ramadan. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[14] In the spring of 2015, daylight saving was again abolished after fierce opposition from the population. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[15] ===Philippines <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The Philippines was from 1986 to 1998 sporadically experimented with DST, each time for a short period. This is mainly due to the energy crisis in which the country found itself. The goal was to reduce the power consumption. In April 2006 the Philippine Department of Trade and Industry proposed the measure again against rising oil prices. ===Guatemala <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Guatemala had in 1973 , 1983 and 1991 summer time. On resp. November 24 , May 20 and March 22 at 23:59: 59 The clock was an hour ahead on resp. February 23 and 23 and September 6 to recede again. OnApril 29, 2006, DST went back in and on September 30 she ran off again. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[16] ===Honduras <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Honduras had in the eighties twice summertime. On 2 May 1987 and 30 April 1988 was beaten at 23:59:59 an hour. On resp. 26 and 24 September of the same year the time was put back again. Also from May to September 1994 was the summertime of strength, to in a time of drought (and thus energy deficit) to save power. After that summer time was in disuse, in a short period of May to August 2006 after. ===India <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">India used DST briefly during the Indo-Pakistani War . Furthermore, the country has never used the system. ===Iran <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Iran had DST before 1970 . Between 1970 and 1976 there was no daylight saving, as from 1981 to 1990 . From 1990 to 2005 the country had a Daylight Saving Time began at midnight on the night of 20 on March 21 and ended on September 21 . In 2005 was stopped with it again. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[17] ===Israel <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Summer time Israel starts on the last Friday before April 2 from 02:00 to 03:00 and ends on the Sunday between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur from 02:00 to 01:00. In previous years, the schedule was variable with the only guideline that the period should last at least 150 days. In the past, has been already beaten over a number of years. ===Italy <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Italy began in 1966 with an annual summertime. ===Japan <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Japan they had from 1948 to 1951 as DST, which ran from May to September. ===Jordan <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Jordan has long been used summertime. There were sometimes beaten over one or more years, the last time from 1979 to 1984, but since then Daylight Saving Time is in use again. Daylight saving time begins at midnight there late March and usually ends in late September. For 2006 was that every 29th of the month. In October 2012, Jordan has decided not to set the clock. This makes the summer time was throughout the year the official time in Jordan. By late 2013, the decision was reversed. Jordan now has an annual summertime on the last Friday of March to the last Friday of October. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[18] ===Kyrgyzstan <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Kyrgyzstan had between 1981 to 2005 continuous daylight saving time. In 2005, after a vote, it was decided to stop the summertime. At the same time then from August 11, 2005 the zone of Kyrgyzstan permanently from UTC +5 to +6 UTC (ie one zone to the east) was charged, which is tantamount to a 'continuous daylight saving. This was done to be able to continue to save power. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[19] ===Libya <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Libya changed in 2012 by zone and was not intend to adjust to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March to the last Friday in October. In 2013, however, was decided just before the end of the summer to not reset the clock. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[20] ===Morocco <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Morocco has introduced summer time in 2008 after a long absence since 1978. In the years 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, the time change occurred on different dates. In 2013 the government decided to let the summer is run by Europe. If applicable, the summer time during Ramadan interrupted. This decision is the clock in Morocco to four times a year resistance. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[21] ===Mexico <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Mexico the summer time was in 1996 implemented at national level because of the impor- tant economic relationship with the United States. Only the state of Sonora used since 1998 no daylight saving more because they are adjacent to the US state of Arizona that uses no daylight saving time. The US has the start and end times changed in 2007, but Mexico is not going to go along with this. The summertime is very controversial in Mexico: many (mainly indigenous) people of southern Mexico refuse to apply it. ===Mongolia <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Mongolia was from 1983 to 1998 and from 2001 to 2006 adopted a daylight saving time. In 2015 it was decided to introduce summer time again because of the economic benefit. Since then, the summer time on the last Saturday expire in March until the last Saturday in September. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[22] ===Namibia <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Namibia is the only country in southern Africa and one of only four countries in the continent that use the summertime. In Namibia, this happened continuously since 1994 . Daylight saving time starts always on the first Sunday of September to end up back on the first Sunday of April. The country involves resp. from 2:00 to 3:00 and from 2:00 to 1:00. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[23] ===<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Netherlands  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Daylight Saving Time is not always introduced on the same date:
 * From 1981-1995 was the summer time on the last Sunday of March until the last Sunday of September. This made the earliest start date March 25 (in 1984 and 1990) and the last date September 30 (also in 1984 and 1990). Summer and winter lasted so each about six months.
 * From 1996 ended the summer time (according to an amendment to the Directive) on the last Sunday in October. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[10] This change was implemented to summer time with that in the United Kingdom to synchronize.Since then, the summertime lasts approximately seven months.
 * Between 1996 and 2002, some European countries have a derogation against the current.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Since 1981, the rules laid down in a directive of the European Union .
 * 1916-1939: for the determination of the duration of summer time were applied different rules, as evidenced by the annual publications in the Official Gazette . The earliest start date was March 26 (in 1922), the last date October 8 (in 1922, 1933 and 1939)
 * 1940-1942: continuous daylight saving time from May 16, 1940 to November 2, 1942. In 1940 was also switched from Amsterdam Time to Central European Time . In this time it was in the winter until around 9:30 pm light. In the evening, however, the continued then until 18:00 light.
 * 1943: Daylight Saving from March 29 to October 4
 * 1944: Daylight Saving Time from April 3 to October 2
 * 1945: Daylight Saving Time from April 2 until September 16
 * 1946-1976: No daylight saving
 * 1977-1980: Daylight Saving Time runs from the first Sunday in April to the last Sunday before (or on) October 1st. The earliest start date was April 1 (in 1979), the final deadline of 1 October (1978).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In the overseas territories of the Kingdom of the Netherlands ( Aruba , Curaçao , Sint Maarten and the BES islands ) is no daylight savings time. Because of this is the time difference with these areas during the summer and six hours in the winter five hours. ===New Zealand <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In New Zealand, every year, on the last Sunday of September at 2 o'clock at night time put forward one hour. On the first Sunday of April at 3 o'clock at night the summertime goes off again. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-24" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[24] The country had been summertime since 1929. Some bases on Antarctica, which are supplied from New Zealand, this scheme follow along, although there in the summer and permanent light in the winter permanently dark. ===Pakistan <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In Pakistan are no set rules regarding summer time. In 2002 DST was first used, the next time was in 2008 when the DST ran from June 1 to November 1 00:00 00:00 (originally the intention was summer time to run out a month earlier). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-25" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[ 25] In 2009 the DST from April 15th until November 1st 00:00 00:00 walked <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[26] and in 2010 no DST was used. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[27] ===Peru <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Peru currently does not use daylight saving time, but it has in the eighties and nineties have applied several times. On 31 December 1985 , 1986 , 1989 and 1993 at 23:59:59 the clock was always off for one hour to on March 31 to be put back in the following year at the same hour. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[28] ===Portugal <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Portugal knew summertime until 1965, but this stopped when in 1966 moved from Western European Time (GMT) to Central European Time (GMT + 1). This lasted until 1976, after Portugal returned to GMT and from 1977 again introduced summer time. ===Russia and the former Soviet Union <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">On 1 April 1981, was in the Soviet Union entered the (Moscow) summer. When the Soviet Union collapsed, it remained in Russia to use the summer time. The dates of the uurwijzigingen were the same as in other countries in Europe, but the change occurred at 2:00 pm (local time).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">On 8 February 2011 President decided Dmitry Medvedev in Russia the bells after the entrance of the summer that year no longer reset. This he took out the usual arguments against as a reason. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-29" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[29] A year earlier, Medvedev also brought the number of time zones in Russia back from eleven to nine.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 2014 Russia decided to reverse the actions of Medvedev. Vladimir Putin signed a law that put an end to the summertime experiment. Russia went by October 26, 2014 back to winter and used since no daylight saving more. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[30] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[31] The original zones were introduced again. ===Syria <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Syria has long been used summertime. The start and end dates of which were sometimes altered and summer time was sometimes beaten over, including from 1979 to 1982 and in 1985 . In 2006 DST started onMarch 31 at midnight and lasted until September 20 (the years prior to September 30 ). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-32" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[32] ===Taiwan <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Taiwan had daylight saving time from 1945 to 1961 . In 1974 and in 1975 DST started on March 31 at 23:59:59 and stopped on September 30 . On 29 June 1980, Taiwans started yet last summer time, which lasted until September 29th. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[33] ===Tunisia <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Tunisia has applied in the past decades several times summertime, which come into effect in the March-May and again ended in late September. So had the land of 1977 to 1978 and from 1988 to 1990 the summertime. In 2005 the system was reintroduced with effect from April 30 until midnight September 30th . From 2006 to 2009 the European system was applied (see below). Tunisia introduced summer time in order to save energy <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[34] but abolished the summer time in 2009 again. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-35" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[35] ===UK <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">During and after the Second World War, was known in the United Kingdom (standard time: GMT) even double summer time (1941, 1942, 1943, 1945 and 1947), ie summer time GMT + 1 and, within a second Summer Time (GMT + 2). In subsequent years limited itself back to normal daylight saving time (GMT + 1), with which one walked summer flush with most other Western European countries. From February 18, 1968 t / m October 31, 1971 they wielded a permanent time of GMT + 1. After much criticism they returned in 1972 back to a normal summertime. Ireland has been running since the Second World War completely equal with Britain. ===USA <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">DST was observed for seven months in 1918 and 1919. However, the law proved so unpopular (mostly because people were then usually got up earlier and go to bed till today) that it was abolished. Prior to 2007was in the United States daylight saving time on the first Sunday in April and ended on the last Sunday in October. In 2007 this arrangement was changed. DST is since that year on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November. In the US last summer time period since 2007 thus (approximately) one month longer than in the EU . The states of Hawaii and Arizona, however, do not participate in daylight savings time. Hawaii has seen its tropical location, no big differences in daylight hours and Arizona has such a high temperature that air conditioning energy savings would frustrate. Exception to the rule are the Indian reservations in Arizona that use daylight saving time indeed. In Alaska are calls to abolish daylight saving time. Because of the northern location of the state in the summer almost permanent daylight and daylight saving unnecessary. In Colorado many wanted to see abolished daylight saving time, but that proposal was in 2000 not accepted. Also in Nevada was in 2005 removed any such proposal. Indiana used the past few decades no summertime but brought him in April 2006 in. Finally, the following overseas US territories do not use Daylight Saving Time: American Samoa , Guam , Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands . ===<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[South  Korea <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">]  === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In South Korea, DST was used from 1948 to 1951, from 1955 to 1960 , in 1987 and in 1988 . The last two years began daylight saving on 9 and May 7 at 23:59:59 and ran until 10 and October 8th. After 1988, the country has more uses no daylight saving time. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-36" style="line-height:1;display:inline-block;">[36]