Prehistoric Netherlands

Prehistoric Netherlands, about the history of Netherlands during the prehistoric times are no written sources available; all our knowledge is taken from excavations . The term "prehistory" means before the (known) history. It was not until the Roman era came the first written sources available.



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[hide] *1 Paleolithic  ==Paleolithic[ Edit] == The Netherlands in the current sense did not exist for 1830. Before then it is better to speak of ' the territory of present-day Netherlands '. This area is for many tens of thousands of years inhabited by the man, at least the dry coastal strips and the high sandy soils. This period, until the ice age (c. 10,000 BC), the ' old stone age ' (Palaeolithic) called. The oldest archaeological traces found in Netherlands (in the gravel layers at Maastricht of Neanderthals, an early branch of modern man Homo Sapiens) are 250,000 to 350,000 years old. [1]  The first modern humans were hunters in the area during the last ice age that attracted here behind their prey and more or less the first ' fixed ' inhabitants were. Of their presence still testify Flint axes and arrow points. ==Mesolithic[ Edit] == After the ice age, in the middle stone age (Mesolithic) the area was inhabited by various tribes, as evidenced by a hunting camp that found in Friesland , Bergumermeer(about 8000 BC). Netherlands was in the warmer time after the ice age a very suitable area for hunters. West of the current provinces of North Brabant, Gelderland, Overijssel and Drenthe Netherlands was one big swamp delta criss-crossed by numerous streams, lakes and peat bogs. The IJsselmeer did not exist and was a huge bogs. It teemed the water birds and fish that has a good food source for hunters and gatherers formed. The first canoe of the history comes from this period (canoe of Pesse, ca. 7900 BC). ==Neolithic[ Edit] == Around 5300 BC began the "new stone age ' (Neolithic) with the first farmers who came to the area, as can be seen on grave finds and traces of farms on the loess plateau inSouth Limburg. They belonged to the Linear Band ceramics, and names among other grain, lentils and peas with it. This culture could not spread to the rest of "Netherlands" because they don't have a team knew to edit the clay soils . Around 4500 BC, the linear pottery culture agriculture temporarily. By around 4300 BC exist only traces of hunters/farmers (Swifterbant). Approximately 4100 BC was located in Drenthe the funnelbeaker culture that the most famous monuments from the regional prehistory has left behind: the dolmens, megalithic monuments. After 3900 BC is this culture disappeared again.
 * Mesolithic 2
 * Neolithic 3
 * bronze age and iron age 4
 * 5 Relationship with current Dutch prehistoric Netherlands
 * 6 see also

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the West of the Netherlands are Vlaardingen culture, named after the first reference Vlaardingen. This culture covers the period from 3500 BC to 2500 BC.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The first wheel that has been found was about 2400 BC, maybe that's discovered by people of the bell beaker culture, which settlements built along the Atlantic coast of Moroccoto Scandinavia. ==Bronze age and iron age<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">For the first time also found metal working place in Netherlands, such as stone anvils and copper tonguedolkjes that on the Veluwe in Lunteren are found, show. Metalworking expanded by 2000 BC, with which the bronze age dawned. That brought a lot of prosperity in Drenthe, where probably a major trade route ran through it in the direction of Baltic Sea and Scandinavia.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">About the first millennium BCE Celtic tribes came to the area of Netherlands and expelled and/or intermixed with the original population. This process repeated itself in the first centuries BCE when Germanic tribes from the East entered yet in the Netherlands and Northern regions and established around the large rivers. This began for the area the iron age. ==Relationship with current Dutch prehistoric Netherlands<span class="mw-editsection" len="386" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In October 2008 a research (under various school groups) to the genetic origin of the current Dutch done: "the genome of Netherlands".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" len="175" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2]  the analyses show how the ancestors of the examined group of students entered the Netherlands:

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The conclusion seems to be that the vast majority of the current Dutch people directly descended from the first nomadic Paleolithic hunters and gatherers who entered the territory of the current Netherlands. In the course of time these were not driven out or replaced by newcomers (Neolithic farmers and the later Celts and Teutons), as is often thought, but they do use names, language and culture of these newcomers.
 * 77.5% came as Hunter/collector 35,000 years ago in the old stone age (Paleolithic) Western Europe within
 * 20% came as farmers 7,000 years ago in the new stone age (Neolithic) Netherlands inside, and
 * 2.5% came as recent immigrant