Soul

Soul is a music style which in the fifties and sixties evolved from rhythm and blues and gospel music at the African American population in the South of the United States.Main representatives were Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, James Brown, Aretha Franklin and Stevie Wonder. At soul appears mostly a singer(es) with support of backing vocalsand a band with rhythm section, brass instruments and saxophones.



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[hide] *Name 1  ==Name[ Edit] == The term was first used in 1961 to describe a music style that greatly influenced by gospel music. [1]  Because jazz and rhythm and blues were considered the music of the devil, black artists chose a name that referred to religion. [2]  In August 1969 Billboard Magazine changed the name Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles in Best Selling Soul Singles. ==History[ Edit] == ===For 1980[ Edit] === Soul was formed in the 1950s and 1960s in the United States, especially in southern States like Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Mississippi. Ray Charles, born in Georgia, brought a kind of rhythm-and-blues that was strongly influenced by gospel music. The backing vocals in what'd I Say are similar to a gospel choir. This song from 1959 can be seen as the very first soul number.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [3]
 * 2 History
 * 2.1 For 1980
 * 2.2 After 1980
 * 3 Soul show
 * 4 Famous soul singers and singers
 * 5 see also

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Sam Cooke, born in Mississippi joined initially on under the pseudonym Dale Cook, because singing secular music for someone with a gospel background was then still taboo. He was called the King of Soul. On the other hand, the Godfather of Soul James Brown, was born in Georgia. With his raw, exuberant singing style and hissyncopated basriffs the latter was also a founder of funk. Jackie Wilson also played a role in the transition from rhythm and blues to soul. Ike & Tina Turner combined the influences of rock and roll and soul. Dionne Warwick introduced a more lyrical style with songs by Burt Bacharach and Hal David.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Atlantic Records, the label of Ray Charles, made important contributions to the emergence and development of soul with such artists as The Drifters, Solomon Burke, Percy Sledge, Roberta Flack and the Queen of Soul Aretha Franklin. They scored hits from 1967 as Respect, A Natural Woman and Think. Its free, exuberant singing style was rooted in the gospel.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Typical of Memphis soul were the energetic singing style, a sultry sound with horns and hammond organ and a powerful rhythm in the drums. The record label Stax Recordsrepresented singers like Otis Redding, Carla Thomas, Isaac Hayes, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave and The Staple Singers. Another label in Memphis was Hi Records, which scored a hit in 1972 with All Greens Let's Stay Together.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Motown Records was founded by Berry Gordy in Detroit.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [4]  the polished Motown sound was focused on a world-wide, including blank public. Smokey Robinson was Vice-President of Motown and lead singer of The Miracles. The Supremes scored a series of hits with singer Diana Ross, who left the group for a solo career in 1970. Marvin Gaye developed an expressive singing style with use of the falsetto. The young Michael Jackson was introduced as a member of The Jackson 5. On his albums combinedStevie Wonder Talking Book, Innervisions and Songs in the Key of Life a free singing style with funky basriffs, synthesizer and wind instruments. Lionel Richie broke through as a singer of the Commodores. Other Motownsterren were Mary Wells, The Marvelettes, the Four Tops, The Temptations and Gladys Knight & the Pips.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Chicago soul was also called soft soul called due to its sweet, richly orchestrated sound. Examples were The Impressions with singer Curtis Mayfield, Etta James, Betty Everett, Earth, Wind and Fire and Minnie Riperton.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The soul producers Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff and songwriters at their record label Philadelphia International Records designed the Philadelphia sound, a warm, sound with strings in combination with rousing rhythms. TSOP (The Sound Of Philadelphia), the Jingle of the television program Soul Train, was played by a group of more than thirty studio musicians under the name MFSB (Mother Father Sister Brother), with the voices of The Three Degrees.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]  other representatives of the Philly sound were Billy Paul, Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, The O'Jays, Lou Rawls and The Trammps.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There was also in California soul created by artists like Natalie Cole and Bill Withers. Latter was born in West Virginia, but moved to Los Angeles in 1971 to break through with Ain't No Sunshine.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [6]  He developed its own sound with acoustic guitar and strings. Sly & the Family Stone was a soul and funk band from San Francisco.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the mid-1970s led the more danceable forms of soul to the emergence of disco with artists like Donna Summer, Barry White and Chic. Groups like The Jacksons, Sister Sledge, the Pointer Sisters and Rose Royceheld about the middle between disco and soul.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Soul spread also outside the United States. An example of British soul was The Real Thing, a group that scored a hit in 1976 with You to Me Are Everything. When white artists soul sang, such as Dusty Springfield andLulu, called this blue eyed soul. ===After 1980<span class="mw-editsection" len="318" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In June 1982 Billboard Magazine changed the name Hot Soul Singles in Hot Black Singles. The era of the classic soul was then slowly over. Black superstars that had their roots in the soul of Michael Jackson for 1980, as, Prince, Lionel Richie, Whitney Houston, Tina Turner and Janet Jackson, focused on a global audience with danceable music, use of synthesizer and infectious video clips. Other American singers remained closer to the traditional soul, such as Luther Vandross, Teddy Pendergrass, Patti LaBelle, Chaka Khan, Randy Crawford, Anita Baker, Womack & Womack and Terence Trent d'Arby. British soul groups of this period were The which featured two, Sade, and Soul II Soul.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the 1990s, handles some American artists back to the examples of the past. Now the neo-soul or "soul", "new soul", was a fusion of modern R & B and old soul. Mary j. Blige and Faith Evans combined influences fromhip hop and soul.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [7]  other examples of neo-soul are [http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=nl&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTony!_Toni!_Ton%25C3%25A9! Tony! Toni! Toné!], Lauryn Hill, D'Angelo, Macy Gray, Angie Stone, Erykah Badu, Jill Scott, India Arie and Alicia Keys.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" len="156" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [8]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the United Kingdom knew Lisa Stansfield and Beverley Knight success. Several British singers from the beginning of the 21st century were likewise affected by the soul tradition, such as Amy Winehouse, Duffy, Adeleand Paloma Faith.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Dutch soul artists include Edsilia Rombley, Sabrina Starke, Giovanca and Alain Clark. Belgian examples are Boogie Boy, Sofie Verbruggen, Axelle Red, Sandrine and Natalia, Selah Sue. ==Soul show<span class="mw-editsection" len="319" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In particular, the Netherlands was the soul music, disco variant, from 1972 promoted in the radio program The Soul show. This show was presented by DJ Ferry Maat. Apart from the music of Afro-American soil was also disco music with soul and jazz influences of artists from other countries. To hear the Soul show was successively on the transmitters Radio North Sea International (1972-1974), TROS Radio Hilversum 3 (1974-1988),Radio 10 (1988-1990), Hitradio/Radio 538 (1992-1995), Radio Veronica (2003 to 2009) Arrow Jazz (from 2011). ==Famous soul singers and singers<span class="mw-editsection" len="346" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * Adele
 * Average White Band
 * Erykah Badu
 * Mary J. Blige
 * James Brown
 * Maxine Brown
 * Solomon Burke
 * Ray Charles
 * Alain Clark
 * Sam Cooke
 * Randy Crawford
 * Duffy
 * Earth, Wind & Fire
 * Faith Evans
 * Betty Everett
 * Four Tops
 * Eddie Floyd
 * Aretha Franklin
 * Marvin Gaye
 * Michael Jackson
 * Macy Gray
 * Al Green
 * Donny Hathaway
 * Lauryn Hill
 * Brenda Holloway
 * Whitney Houston
 * The Isley Brothers
 * Etta James
 * Alicia Keys
 * Chaka Khan
 * Gladys Knight
 * Patti LaBelle
 * John Legend
 * Curtis Mayfield
 * Harold Melvin
 * Natalia
 * The O'Jays
 * Billy Paul
 * Scherrie Payne
 * Wilson Pickett
 * Barbara Randolph
 * Otis Redding
 * Diana Ross
 * Sam & Dave
 * Ben Saunders
 * Marlena Shaw
 * Ryan Shaw
 * Percy Sledge
 * Ben l'Oncle Soul
 * Dusty Springfield
 * Edwin Starr
 * Angie Stone
 * Joss Stone
 * The Supremes
 * The Temptations
 * Jean Terrell
 * Tammi Terrell
 * Robin Thicke
 * Carla Thomas
 * The Three Degrees
 * Boris Titulaer
 * The Trammps
 * Ike & Tina Turner
 * Dionne Warwick
 * Waylon
 * Mary Wells
 * Kim Weston
 * Barry White
 * Syreeta Wright
 * Jackie Wilson
 * Amy Winehouse
 * Bill Withers
 * Stevie Wonder