Survival (Bob Marley & The Wailers album)

Survival is a roots reggae album by Bob Marley & The Wailers released in 1979.

Survival is an album with an outwardly militant theme. Some speculate that this was due in part to criticism Marley received for the laid-back, ganja-soaked atmosphere of his previous release, "Kaya", which seemed to sidetrack the urgency of his message. In the song "Africa Unite", Marley proclaims Pan-African solidarity. The song "Zimbabwe" is a hymn dedicated to later-independent Rhodesia. The song was performed at Zimbabwe's Independence Celebration in 1980, just after the official declaration of Zimbabwe's independence. "Zimbabwe" is seen as an unofficial national song.

Survival was originally to be called Black Survival to underscore the urgency of African unity, but the name was shortened to prevent misinterpretations of the album's theme. Marley originally planned to release Survival as the first part of a trilogy, followed by Uprising in 1980 and Confrontation in 1983.

In South Africa the album was partly censored by the then white apartheid government.[3]

Contents
[hide]
 * 1 Track listing
 * 1.1 Original album (1979)
 * 1.2 The Definitive Remastered edition (2001)
 * 2 Musicians
 * 3 Front Cover
 * 4 References

Original album (1979)[edit]
All songs written and composed by Bob Marley, except where stated.

The Definitive Remastered edition (2001)[edit]
All songs written and composed by Bob Marley, except where stated.

Musicians[edit]

 * Bob Marley – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, percussion
 * Aston "Family Man" Barrett – bass, rhythm guitar, percussion
 * Carlton Barrett – drums, percussion
 * Tyrone "Organ D" Downie – keyboards, percussion, backing vocal
 * Alvin "Seeco" Patterson – percussion
 * Junior Marvin – lead guitar, backing vocal
 * Earl "Wire" Lindo – keyboards
 * Al Anderson – lead guitar
 * Rita Marley – backing vocals
 * Marcia Griffiths – backing vocals
 * Judy Mowatt – backing vocals

Front Cover[edit]
The album's front cover depicts 48 African flags, 14 of which (in italics) are now obsolete, and the flag of Papua New Guinea:
 * Notes
 * a. ^ Now the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.
 * b. ^ Now Burkina Faso.
 * c. ^ Now the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
 * d. ^ Now the Republic of the Congo.
 * e. ^ The flag is shown upside-down on the front cover.