Frontier of Netherlands

The Netherlands's border is the border between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and its neighbours. The Kingdom of the Netherlands borders Belgium and Germany (forNetherlands) and to France (on the island of Sint Maarten). With the exception of a dispute with Germany over the exact course of the border in the Ems, the boundaries of the Kingdom not disputed. To the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 also bordered the Kingdom of the Netherlands to Neutral Moresnet.



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[hide] *border with Belgium 1  ==Border with Belgium[ Edit] == After Belgium had declared itself independent in 1830, it has been a long time coming before the separation has been officially recorded. On 19 april 1839 was signed in London the tract. On August 8, 1843, this was followed by a treaty, signed in Maastricht, on the marking of the border. A day earlier the border was delineated between Belgium and theGrand Duchy of Luxembourg, which was then in a personal Union was connected with Netherlands. In the same year, started placing cast iron landmarks, beginning with the boundary stone No. 1 on the drielandenpunt in Vaals and ending with boundary stone number 365 near Retranchement in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, all with vintage 1843. Along the Meuse River were poles placed on either side of the River, always facing each other, with the same number. Only at Baarle-Hertog and Baarle-Nassau -where the border situation by the many enclaves and exclaves were extremely complex-no posts posted (but also no numbers reserved). Furthermore, there are still piles placed over time and sometimes just moved, for example after land reclamation and border corrections.
 * 2 border with Germany
 * border with France 3
 * 4 Border with England
 * 5 Double milestones
 * sea borders 6
 * 7 Boundary annexations
 * 8 external links
 * 9 Photos

An overview:

Maastricht to Vaals Nos. 1-44--45 milestones

On both sides of the Meuse Nos. 45-48--8 milestones

Around Maastricht Nos. 49-106-58 landmarks

On both sides of the Meuse Nos. 107-126--39 border posts

By Maas to Budel Nos. 127-168B--43 border posts

2004 (forgotten in 1843?) No. 125 (Dutch side of the Maas)--1 boundary stone

Nrs province of North Brabant . 169-269--101 landmarks

1974 in Baarle-Hertog/-Nassau No. 214/215--1 boundary stone

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Scheldt-Rhine Canal 2000 to no. 268A--1 boundary stone

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Nrs Zeeuws-Vlaanderen . 270-365-97 border poles (364 and 364A 364B double:)

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1869 in Willem-Leopold polder Nos. 366-369--4 milestones

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1869 in Willem-Leopold polder No. 364--1 boundary stone on the real border point between 364A and 364B

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1905 in Harvey and village of Prosperpolder nrs. 269A, B and C--3 milestones

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2000 to Tractaatweg at Zelzate No. 307A--1 boundary stone

<p lang="en" len="38" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In total so 403 landmarks.

The complex border gradient in Baarle<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In determining the border are there at the height of Baarle-Nassau and Baarle-Hertog enclaves and exclaves persist some originating in the middle ages. The border situation inBaarle was so complex, that the village at marking the border in 1843 is skipped. On 20 June 1959 a judgment, the International Court of Justice in which a number of disputed plots to Belgium was assigned. Only in 1995 are the boundaries in Baarle officially logged. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" len="176" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The last frontier between Belgium and Netherlands amendment was on 23 June 1999 by force after the entry into force of the agreement between the Kingdom of Belgium and the Kingdom of the Netherlands amending the border in the channel of Terneuzen to Ghent was signed on 6 January 1993 in Brussels. Through this agreement, a number of plots of land exchanged, that before by the channel of the rest of the Belgian Dutch territory were separated respectively.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Netherlands borders mainly to the Flemish region, in particular (west to East) to the provinces of West Flanders, East Flanders, Antwerp and Limburg. Further adjacent it also to the Walloon province of Liège, and to Introducethe Flemish municipality . The three countries point to the German-speaking community of Belgium Netherlands touches, particularly the municipality of Kelmis, Moresnet Neutral until 1919. ==Border with Germany<span class="mw-editsection" len="350" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Sign at the Netherlands-Germany border<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The border with Germany has been around longer than Germany itself. The border stone between Netherlands and the current state of North Rhine-Westphalia mark the border with the former Prussia. Some Prussian areas were during the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to Netherlands assigned. This involves Zevenaar, Duiven and Wagner in the region theLiemers and in the Over-Betuwe Huissen with her hamlet Malburgen. Furthermore the Kleefse Waardindustrial park the later Chicago, near Millingen aan de Rijn the places Leuthand Kekerdom and on the other side of the Waal at Dan the hamlet Hulhuizen. These areas were annexed the Netherlands on 1 June 1816 at Lobith and Spijk places followed only months later because they were forgotten in the negotiations with Prussia. Netherlands has to obtain these areas also have to cede territory to Prussia. From Vee the border was moved in the direction of The Brook's Heerenberg to the Wild. Also Schenkenschanz with her former fort was ceded to Prussia.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Between Netherlands and the current mark in the State of Lower Saxony boundary stones the border between Netherlands and the former Kingdom of Hanover. After theCongress of Vienna found a border demarcation between the new province Limburg and Prussia. This was determined by means of a cannon. This was to prevent ships from Prussia on the Maas could be hit. This limit is now called the "Kanonenschutzlinie" in Germany. A special case was the Neutraleweg near Gennep, who for years was acondominium of Netherlands and Germany.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After World War II border changes with Germany took place when Netherlands on 23 april 1949 some German places annexed. On 1 August 1963 was by far the largest part of that annexation undone with the exception of 125 hectares (more than 1 square kilometer) territory with the Devil's mountain that at the German place Wyler has heard.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On February 20, 1969, the International Court of Justice the border between the Netherlands and Germany's continental plateau in the North Sea.

Dutch-German border dispute<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Netherlands differs with Germany by review of the course of the sea border by the Ems from the Dollard. According to the Dutch view that border from New statenzijl straight to the EMS to the middle of the stream to follow. The border cuts the leidam Geisedam, a of the EMS. According to the German understanding is the Dutch part in the Eems and follows the border smaller the low-water line on the Dutch side, so that the sand banks Paap and Dog would be German. Also are to German opinion small parts of the port jettiesof Delfzijl actually in Germany. Germany relies on a loan letter from 1464, in which the count of East Frisia by the German Emperor obtains the Highness about his country ' osterwards ' von der Westeremse (so included the EMS). That is according to Netherlands in the French time-Highness after the annexation of both areas at France-expired. The border would be under international law should lie in the middle of the fairway. The Federal Republic is of the opinion that the disputed area is lawful and has remained in undisturbed possession for long periods. There is therefore no reason to amend the situation.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">An Eems-Dollard Treaty (1960) is now the basis for a number of cooperation agreements. The difference of opinion has already led to problems a few times, among other things over the sharing of the benefits of the gas production in this area, and the regulations governing the Mussel fishery in the area of the Paap and the dog. Generally, however, there is talk of a common management. Representatives of the Department of public works and the German equivalent, the dredging of the navigation channel in it arrange the marking of the waterway and other matters concerning shipping. In 1996, an arrangement of the natural state of the area in the so-called environmental protocol.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">During the first world war, by the way, apart from the Netherlands has control over the Dutch part of the EMS for fear of a declaration of war by Germany. Even Germany has the Eemsmonding of mines provided.England has the Dutch Government never addressed on this attitude. After the second world war, the border with Germany here and there in favor of Netherlands adjusted (see Boundary annexations). Netherlands is forget to settle the dispute around the EMS.

<p lang="en" len="316" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 2012 the German interpretation of the border pass also covers the wind farm Riffgat 15 km. North of Rottumeroog, which in the opinion of the Netherlands for a part is located within the Dutch Exclusive Economic Zone (which reaches up to 200 nautical miles or plm. 370 km. from the low-water line). ==Border with France<span class="mw-editsection" len="350" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Dutch-French border monument on the island of Sint Maarten<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Although Germany is adjacent only to Belgium and Netherlands, the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the French border. This border runs across the island of Sint Maarten, one of the three Windward Islands (SSS Islands). This limit is laid down in the Treaty of Concordia in 1648, in which also the Division of the island was settled. The border remained for a long time debatable, because the Treaty of Concordia came into effect only in 1817. After the independence of Belgium (1830/1839) lost to the Kingdom of the Netherlands are border (and the corresponding border treaty) with the French Republic in Europe. In 1839 the Treaty of Concordia was therefore modified to additional business, which formerly were regulated in the European border agreement, to arrange.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The border on Sint Maarten is an open border, although the area did not belong to the Schengen area belongs. The Kingdom of the Netherlands and the French Republic hold their own border controls if someone arrives on the island. This limit controls to make confidential mutual customs in the French waters, the Dutch patrol and the French customs in Dutch waters. The services in question may, however, take no action in each other's waters. If the Dutch coast guard something in French waters around Saint-Martin observes, it must warn the French authorities and vice versa.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">To be able to check incoming people have over the air traffic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the French Republic in 1994 the Convention on border controls at the airports of Sint Maarten closed. This Treaty entered into force until 2007, because the Dutch States General first a clear position from the States of Sint Maarten was expecting.

<p lang="en" len="600" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Before Suriname became independent (in 1975) bordered the Kingdom of the Netherlands also through French Guiana to France. ==Border with England<span class="mw-editsection" len="349" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="1038" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Although it dates back long before the current Kingdom of the Netherlands, it is worth noting that Flushing with Fort Rammekens Brielle, and by 1585 were an English possession until 1616 , with which Netherlands so a land border with England had. ==Double border posts<span class="mw-editsection" len="349" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == The border between Netherlands and Germany at Hommersum is formed by the river Kendel; on both sides are landmarks.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In several places along the border forms streams, ditches and rivers the border. Because it is impossible a boundary stone in the middle of the water on the border to spots, is on both sides a boundary stone posted with the same number. ==Sea Borders<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On sea borders the Dutch Dutch exclusive economic Zone and the continental shelf (but not the Dutch territorial sea) also to the United Kingdom.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the area of the Windward Islands is adjacent to the territorial sea of Saint Martin France (Saint-Martin). The territorial sea of Netherlands (Saba) is adjacent to that of Sint Maarten, making it a national border within the Kingdom while at Sint Eustatius Dutch territorial waters to that of Saint Kitts and Nevis is adjacent. Because the coastal lines of Saba and Sint Eustatius less than 15 nautical miles apart the maritime borders of both public sector bodies overlap each other, thereby is the sea area between the two islands within the maritime borders of Netherlands. The exclusive economic Zones of the countries within the Kingdom also borders in addition to that of the Dominican Republic, theUnited States (the u.s. Virgin Islands) and the United Kingdom (Anguilla and the British Virgin Islands).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Also in the area of the Leeward Islands is a land border of the Kingdom: the territorial sea of Curaçao borders those of Netherlands (Bonaire). Netherlands, Curaçao and Aruba have an exclusive Economic Zone that is adjacent to the EEZ of Venezuela. Aruba is even an enclave within the Venezuelan EEZ. ==Boundary Annexations<span class="mw-editsection" len="346" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the period 1949-1963 Netherlands 69 km² was larger by annexation of parts of Germany.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the Second World War the Netherlands border claimed annexations for ago war damage. In doing so, put one high in: they wanted the North Sea Island of Borkum and the Dollard. Grafschaft Bentheim, the German notch in Overijssel, wanted one also. Wild plans went so far as to a city like Cologne at Netherlands had to be annexed thereto.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 23 april 1949 was the inlet of annexed by Netherlands and Elten and surroundings heard it in this period in the province of Gelderland. The suburb of the city to the German Suderwick, Dinxperlo, Achterhoek was also incorporated. The German Selfkant inlet at Sittard, where the villages of Havert, Hillensberg, Millen, Tüddern and Wehr (Tüddern) lie, was taken, as well as some areas east of Nijmegen at Brook.

<p lang="en" len="239" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">During the annexation was a landdrost the boss in these annexed areas.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the border Treaty of 1963, most of the areas on Saturday 23 april 1963 returned to Germany again at 12 noon. A former German nature reserve East of Nijmegen, however, remained Dutch (Devil's mountain,Wijlerberg). The hamlet of depopulated at Eijgelshoven Finkenrath returned back in German hands; as a result of the mining industry under the hamlet was the town of only years before declared uninhabitable almost all the inhabitants chose a new residence in Germany.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The border has also left traces in Selfkant annexation. The N274 between Roermond and Brunssum is laid out in the Dutch period. Also after 1963 is the road remained under Dutch jurisdiction and include grade-separated crossings with German roads, leaving a Passport on this road was not necessary. On 25 February 2002, the jurisdiction over the ruling back to Germany.