Björk

Guðmundsdóttir Björk ( Reykjavik , November 21 1965 ) is an Icelandic singer and songwriter . Björk is the former lead singer of the alternative rock band The Sugarcubes and since 1993 a solo career under the name Björk.

Björk is known for her interest in a wide variety of music genres, including pop , jazz , alternative rock , electronic and classical music . Her record label One Little Indian in 2003 reported that Björk has sold more than 15 million albums. [1] Björk has in the past several times as an actress working in films, she held various leading role in the film Dancer in the Dark by Danish director Lars von Trier .



Contents
*1 Biography  ==[Biography  edit ] == ===Early career [  edit ] === Björk's musical career began when she was eleven years old and classical piano studies. One of her music teachers sent a recording of Björk to the song "I Love to Love" by Tina Charles sang to RÚV ; the RÚV at that time was the only radio station in Iceland. This recording was then broadcast and in response, offered the music label Fálkinn Björk a record contract. In 1977 was Björk's debut album, which bore the title Björk released. The album consisted of several Icelandic children's songs, and covers of popular songs such as " The Fool on the Hill "by the Beatles, sung by Björk in Icelandic .Björk's stepfather accompanied her on the album with his guitar. The album reached platinum status in Iceland and currently is a true collector's item.
 * 1.1 Early career
 * 1.2 The Sugarcubes
 * 1.3 Solo Career
 * 1.3.1 Debut
 * 1.3.2 Post / Telegram
 * 1.3.3 Homogenic
 * 1.3.4 Vespertine
 * 1.3.5 Medulla
 * 1.3.6 Volta
 * 1.3.7 Biophilia
 * 1.3.8 Vulnicura
 * 1.4 Film Career
 * 1.5 Private Life
 * 2 Trivia
 * 3 Discography
 * 3.1 Albums
 * 3.2 Singles
 * 3.3 Radio 2 Top 2000
 * 3.4   DVDs

In 1980, Björk graduated from the conservatory . In 1980 she formed together with bassist Jakob Magnússon the band Jam-80, which later passed into the band Tappi Tíkarrass . The single "Bítið Fast í Vítið" was released in the same year. The album Miranda was released in 1983.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk then teamed up with Einar Örn Benediktsson and Einar Melax tire Purrkur Pillnikk and Guðlaugur Óttarsson , Sigtryggur Baldursson and Birgir Mogensen tire theyr . After they had written some songs together and decided they had rehearsed for several weeks under the name KUKL continue.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">KUKL toured Iceland with anarchist punk band CRASS from England, and later they visited England for a number of concerts with Flux of Pink Indians . As a result of these collaborations, the band produced two albums: The Eye in 1984, and Holidays in Europe in 1986. Both albums were released by the label Crass Records .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 1984, Björk formed with guitarist and fellow student at KUKL Guðlaugur Óttarsson the duo The Elgar Sisters .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">KUKL disbanded, partly because their label, Gramm stopped. In the summer of 1986 began KUKL and some members of the Surrealist group Medus a partnership and became the art collective Smekkleysa founded (Bad Taste). A musical division was established, the band Pukl, but soon the band's name was changed to The Sugarcubes . ===The Sugarcubes <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The first single from The Sugarcubes was "Ammæli" (or "Birthday" in the English version). After the single became a hit in the United Kingdom, the band was housed at the label, One Little Indian, which was founded by Derek Birkett , the former bass player of Flux of Pink Indians . The Sugarcubes then signed a distribution contract with the American Elektra Records . In 1988 The Sugarcubes their first album, Life's Too Good, op. With this album the band achieved international success. Meanwhile, Björk worked on several smaller projects. In 1990 she recorded the album Gling-Glo with the jazz group Trio Guðmundar Ingólfssonar, which was only released in Iceland. Björk also provided the vocals in some songs on the album Ex: el of 808 State . This collaboration sparked her interest in house music on. ===<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[Solo  Career <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">]  === ====Debut <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 1992 The Sugarcubes to split. The members of the band realized that they all had different ambitions. Björk moved to London and began thinking about a solo career. She began working with producer Nellee Hooper, who had previously produced include all of Massive Attack . Out of this collaboration came Björk's first international solohit, "Human Behaviour", continues. The albumDebut was released in June 1993 . Debut was a mix of songs Björk had written since she was a teenager and songs she had written with Hooper. NME called the album to album of the year. ====<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[Post  / Telegram <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">]  ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk returned to the studio in 1994 to work with Nellee Hooper, Tricky , Graham Massey of 808 State and producer Howie B to work on a new album. The album Post was the result of this collaboration. Like Debut was a collection of songs which consisted partly of songs Björk had written in previous years. In January 1997 was Telegram, an album of previously unpublished remixes of songs Post. ====Homogenic <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Later that year, the album Homogenic released. This album marked a dramatic break with Björk for her previous "elf-like" image, which was still cultivated in Debut and Post. Björk worked forHomogenic with producers Mark Bell of LFO, Howie B and Eumir Deodato . Homogenic was her first concept album and is regarded as one of Björk's most experimental and extroverted albums to date, with its powerful beats that reflect the landscape of Iceland. ====Vespertine <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 2001, Björk released her fourth solo album Vespertine out. Björk's album creates an introverted personal world filled with micro and small beats rhythms. Vespertine is a pretty strong contrast with the album Homogenic, which outgoing texts and fairly aggressive beats still emphatically predominate. Björk worked on the album with the experimental music group Matmos, the DanishDJ Thomas Wieners and harpist Zeena Parkins . Björk made ​​the album include the use of texts from the American poet EE Cummings and the American filmmaker Harmony Korine . Björk then made a tour of theaters and opera houses in Europe and North America. She was accompanied by Matmos, Zeena Parkins and an Inuit choir, she had composed after auditions during a trip toGreenland . ====Medulla <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 2004 the album was medulla released. Most of the sounds are created by vocalists on this album (although the sounds are often electronically distorted). Björk made ​​the album using the vocal skills of throat singer Tagaq , hip hop beatboxer Rahzel, the Japanese beatboxer Dokaka , avant-rocker Mike Patton , Soft Machine drummer and vocalist Robert Wyatt , and several choirs. Björk made Moreover, again using a poem by EE Cummings, this time for the song "Sonnets / Unrealities XI."

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In August 2004 Björk performed at the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympics . She brought the song " Oceania ", from Medulla performed. ====Volta <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk's sixth studio album Volta was released on May 4, 2007. It is the successor of Medulla in 2004. There have been a lot of people contributed, including Timbaland , Chris Corsano, the drummer of Lightning Bolt , the African group Konono Nr. 1 , Toumani Diabaté , Mark Bell (LFO), which also participated in previous projects of Björk, Antony (Antony & The Jonsons) and Chinese pipa expert Min Xiao-Fen .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">The first single " Earth Intruders ", inspired by the tsunami disaster and a nightmare that Björk had during a flight when visiting the site of the disaster, was released digitally on April 9, 2007. The second single from the album," Innocence " was digitally released on 23 July 2007. " Wanderlust "and" Declare Independence "will be the next single.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Since then she has performed more in Madison Square Garden and Radio City Music Hall in New York and at the Glastonbury Festival in England . On July 8, 2007 she gave a concert inAmsterdam's Westerpark . ====Biophilia <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk was featured on the soundtrack of the film Moomins and the Comet Chase (2010). Her seventh studio album entitled Biophilia, on July 19, 2011 was released as app for the iPhone andiPad . In September that year came from Biophilia as music download and on CD and vinyl. ====Vulnicura <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Vulnicura was released on January 20, 2015. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2] Björk announced the album on January 13th. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3] The album is partly listen on Soundcloud. ===<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);"><span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[Film  Career <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">]  === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk's acting career began in 1990 when she appeared in the Icelandic (but in English) black and white film The Juniper Tree, which was based on the story by the Brothers Grimm . Björk played the role of Margit, a girl whose mother was killed because she was involved in witchcraft. Björk then had a small role as a supermodel in the film Prêt-à-Porter in 1994.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 2000 Björk starred in the Danish-French film Dancer in the Dark, which is written and directed was by Lars von Trier . Björk plays in this film, set in the United States, the role of the Czechoslovak immigrant Selma. Selma tries her work in a factory to save money for an eye operation that will prevent her son will be blind. Björk also responsible for the soundtrack of this film, which was released on CD under the name of Selma Songs . The album includes a duet with Thom Yorke of Radiohead, entitled "I've Seen it All". The song was nominated for an Academy Award and performed during the presentation of the Oscars in 2001. At the Cannes Film Festival in 2000, the film received a Palme d'Or and Björk was up Best Actress honors.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 2005, Björk played in the American-Japanese film Drawing Restraint 9 directed by Matthew Barney, who is also her partner. Björk is also responsible for the soundtrack for the film.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk also appeared prominently in the documentary Screaming Masterpiece from 2005, sheds light on the Icelandic music scene. ===Personal life <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Björk has a son and a daughter. Her son, Sindri Eldon Þórsson, was born on June 8th 1986. The father of Sindri Thor Eldon, who was part of The Sugarcubes . Björk's daughter called Isadora;She was on 3 October 2002 born. The father of Isadora is an artist Matthew Barney . He and Björk went probably in 2013 from one another. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[5]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:20.3636360168457px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">In 1996, two incidents brought Björk to the attention of the media. The first incident took place at the airport in Bangkok . After Björk had made a long air journey waited for a large group of journalists and cameramen on her there. When a journalist greeted her with the words "Welcome to Bangkok," Björk it was too much and they attacked the journalist. The second incident took place later that year when a mentally deranged fan from Florida named Ricardo Lopez, Björk toezond a hollowed out book with explosives in it. Lopez filmed himself during the manufacture of the bomb, and shot himself after he had sent them. Police intercepted before it reached the book Björk. ==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Trivia  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Discography  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Albums  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Single  Edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Radio 2 Top 2000 <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===DVDs <span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[  Edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ===
 * Björk was approached to "Gollum's Song", the title track from The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002) to sing. She refused that request because she was pregnant. The IcelandicEmilíana Torrini this song has finally taken on its behalf.
 * Björk has specially for Madonna wrote the song Bedtime Story. Madonna wanted Björk could write a whole album for her but refused Björk. Madonna has her album then called Bedtime Stories.
 * Björk said in interviews after they Dancer in the Dark had taken never to want to act in a film. It had been so intense for her that she did so enough. Yet Björk appeared in the 2005 filmDrawing Restraint 9 in a leading role.
 * In the film Vanilla Sky with Tom Cruise, she is also seen even when the main character David Aames (Cruise) in a flashback to the video Big Time Sensuality see.
 * 2001 - MTV Unplugged / Live ( One Little Indian )
 * 2001 - Live at Shepherds Bush Empire (One Little Indian)
 * 2001 - Live in Cambridge (One Little Indian)
 * 2002 - Greatest Hits - Volume 1993-2003 (One Little Indian)
 * 2002 - Live at Royal Opera House (One Little Indian)
 * 2003 - Vessel (One Little Indian)
 * 2003 - Later with Jools Holland (One Little Indian)
 * 2003 - Minuscule (One Little Indian)
 * 2003 - Inside Bjork (One Little Indian)
 * 2004 - The Inner or Deep Part of an Animal or Plant Structure (One Little Indian)
 * 2005 - The medulla Videos (One Little Indian)
 * 2008 - Voltaic (One Little Indian)