Alfred Tepe

Wilhelm Victor Alfred Tepe (Amsterdam, 24 november 1840 - Düsseldorf, 23 november 1920) was a Dutch architect. After p.j.h. Cuypers, he was the chief architect of the neo-Gothic in Netherlands. To its design are many churches built, especially in the area of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht.



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[hide] *1 Biography  ==Biography[ Edit] == Tepe was born in Amsterdam as the son of a German textile merchant. From 1861 to 1864, he studied architecture at the Bauakademie in Berlin, where he was dissatisfied over the expansive on the classicism -oriented training. In his spare time he studied the work of E. E. Viollet-le-Duc, French expert on the Gothic architecture. From 1865 to 1867 Tepe worked for Vincenz Statz, one of the main architects of the neo-Gothic in Germany, in Cologne. Here he was involved in the restoration and reduction in the Dom.
 * build 2
 * 3 important works
 * Gallery 4
 * 5 see also

In 1867 Tepe went back to Amsterdam, where he worked for a short time at a certain architect Older mound. Then he moved to Utrechtin 1872, where he would be one of the main proteges of the St. Bernulphusgilde, a group of Catholic clergy who strove for a revival of national traditions and craftsmanship in religious art and architecture. In particular were encouraged indigenous influences of medieval styles, as well as the use of indigenous materials such as brick. In most of the work of Tepe this ideology has played a decisive role.

Between 1871 and 1905 built Tepe about 70 churches, executed in brick with little use of natural stone, with the lower Rhine Gothic architecture from the 15th and 16th centuryas an example. The Interior was in many cases provided by other conforming itself to the Guild artists, whose sculptor and painter Friedrich Wilhelm mengelberg was the most important. Until about 1882 Tepe had virtually a monopoly on the design of new Catholic churches in the core area of the Archdiocese of Utrecht. Only after the death of Archbishop Schaepman also received other architects a chance. In addition to church buildings designed Tepe many other buildings that often were connected in some way with the Catholic Church, such as monasteries, schools and orphanages. An important example of this is the Saint Jerome pointed-and the elderly home in Utrecht from 1875-1877.

From approximately 1900 built Tepe also some churches in Germany. In 1905, when no commands in Netherlands, he moved to Düsseldorf, where he died in 1920, a day before his 80th birthday. ==Build[ Edit] == Tepe was, as a leading architect of the St. Bernulphusgilde, the captain of a clearly recognizable direction within the Dutch neo-Gothic, a direction that was taken over by among other things was by J.W. bajoria and continued under other Wolter te Riele. The strongly on the lower Rhine Gothic-inspired neo-Gothic of these ' Utrecht School ' stands out clearly from those of the much more innovative ' Amsterdamse School ' around Cuypers. Where was the only starting point for Cuypers for a Gothic further development architecture was for the Gothic, especially the lower Rhine Tepe variant, the only true style for church-construction. Tepe's churches are characterised by a simple but often tall build, where possible with a high west tower and almost always run, even very small three-aisled churches. Ornaments are missing usually on the outside of the building, with the exception of the typical Rhenish balustrades decorated with niches and pinnacles and Gables made in a number of churches. Even flying buttresses paste Tepe rarely, and only once he envisioned a choir of a dealing.

Unlike Carmen Tepe's work shows little evolution in style. Still, there are four phases in his career to distinguish. In the first phase, which lasted from 1871 to 1876, he developed his style and he tried different church types from. The second phase, from 1876 to 1890, has a greater application of ornaments than before. Between 1890 and 1900 Tepe experimented with on centralization-oriented plans, especially in the form of Hall churches. A notable highlight is the built in 1893, and in 1945 devastated, St Martin inBilkthe German, which got a triangular floor plan. The fourth stage, after 1900, exhibits a throwback on earlier designs. Tepe fitted his work in Germany a slightly different neo-Gothic style, where he made regular use of natural stone. His Church in Bawinkel is even largely of sandstone. ==Important works<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="44" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Other examples of works of Tepe are:
 * 1874-1875 Jutphaas: St. Nicholas ' Church
 * 1874-1876 Arnhem: Saint Martin's Church
 * 1875-1877 Utrecht: Saint Jerome pointed-and the elderly home
 * 1876-1877 Utrecht: Saint-Willibrod's Church
 * 1876-1877 Beesd: Church of the exaltation of the cross
 * 1878-1879 schalkwijk: Sint-Michaëlskerk
 * 1880-1881 Harlingen: Sint-Michaëlskerk
 * 1881-1883 Amsterdam: Xaveriuskerk St. Francis (the chalk mountain)
 * 1881-1883 Schagen: Christoforuskerk (S)
 * 1885-1887 IJsselstein: St. Nicholas Basilica
 * 1891-1892 Raalte: h. exaltation of the cross
 * 1898 Neede: St. Cecilia Church (demolished in 1951)
 * 1899-1901: Utrecht: Saint-Martin's Church (Utrecht); apartments


 * Bredevoort, the George's Church
 * 's-heerenberg, the h. Pancratius Church
 * Kilder, the Church St. John
 * Wijnbergen, an elementary school with striking staircase geveltje
 * Zevenaar, Tower of St. Andreas Church