India

India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi:,; see also official names of India ', English: Republic of India), is a country in South Asia. (2013) with 1.220.800.359 inhabitants it is after China the most populated country in the world.

India is the Indian subcontinent and is for the most part, a peninsulain the West and South that borders the Indian Ocean and on the East by the Bay of Bengal. In the North it borders the country (west to East) to Pakistan, China (especially Tibet), Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and Bangladesh. To the South-East of India in the Indian Ocean is the island State of Sri Lanka and the Maldives are Southwest.

The capital is New Delhi, but the biggest City of the country is Bombay. India is a Federal Republic divided into 29 States and seven Union territories and 1 national capital territory.



Content
[hide] *Name 1 
 * 2 Geography
 * 2.1 Natural situation
 * 2.2 Cities
 * 2.3 Climate
 * 2.4 Flora and fauna
 * 3 History
 * 3.1 early history
 * 3.2 start of the Christian era to the colonization
 * 3.3 arrival of Europeans
 * 3.4 Independence
 * 4 Population
 * 4.1 population groups
 * 4.2 Religion
 * 4.3 Languages
 * 5 Culture
 * 5.1 Society
 * 5.2 music and dance
 * 5.3 Literature
 * 5.4 Film Industry
 * 5.5 food and drinks
 * 5.6 Sports
 * 6 Politics
 * 6.1 State Constitution
 * 6.2 governance structure
 * 6.3 Parties
 * 6.4 internal political problems
 * 6.5 external political problems
 * Economy 7
 * 7.1 agriculture
 * 7.2 mining
 * 7.3 Industry
 * 7.4 services sector
 * 7.5 Poverty
 * 8 Transport
 * 9 points of interest
 * 10 see also
 * 11 Literature
 * 12 external links

Name
The Vedas have no name given to India. The name India is derived from Sindhu, the local name for the river Indus (from the Sanskrit tribe ind: drop). The ancient Aryansāryāvarta, which also called the country Central Asia contained. The Sanskrit word ārya means ' respectable ' someone ' and in later times any of the first three cabinets ' (in ' śūdra points, contrary to '). Conversely anārya meant ' someone of the original dark coloured population ' which also was called dāsa or dasyu . [5]  (The Rig Veda does look slightly disparaging about but it was originally people from ancient Sumer with mleccha meluhha or referred to, which refers to the Indus Valley civilization.) The word is derived from the Sanskrit varta ' move area ', ' country ', ' at ', ' livelihood ' or ' way of life '[6]. The abbreviation Varta was corrupted to Barta and later to Bharat.

The Persians called (part of) the country Hindustan, the country to the Indus. This was made by the Greeks to India (ινδιη). The various political parties do have other preference names for the country as Hindustan 
 * , Hindu Rashtra and Bharat. The name Bharat would be descended of two ancient kings who were called Bharata [7] . The name Hindustan was officially given up after the independence on 15 August 1947. The name is still used in everyday parlance. A popular patriotic song, written by a Pakistani Muslim, Mohammed Iqbal, begins with the sentence: "land of the Hindus, Hindustan se Sare was originally a Persian language word that (better than the rest of the world is our Hindustan).

The term become India is especially common in imitation of the English name. The term India is for a long time had been usual in Belgium, but also to Dutch example is now gradually replaced by India. In the Dutch Indies refers parlance to the Dutch East Indies, contemporary Indonesia. This also applies to the adjective and adjective forms:Indians have Indian and Dutch East Indies/Indonesia in Netherlands covers. India means, then one uses Indiaërs Indian respectively..

Natural situation
Topographic relief map of IndiaIndia is the Indian peninsula and exists roughly into three parts. The North of the country is very mountainous with a portion of the Himalaya mountain range (highest peakKanchenjunga 8598 metres) and foothills thereof such as the Pamir and Karakoram. Hereinafter referred to as the surface with large rivers such as the Ganges and theBrahmaputra that begin in the Himalayas and the Northern Plains make very fruitful. In the western part here lies the thar desert. The South of India is a large plateau called the Dekan. This plateau is located between the Bay of Bengal in the East and the Arabian Sea in the West. The plateau is separated from the coast by two mountain ranges: the Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats.

India is also home to several large rivers like the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari and the Krishna. Only a small portion of the course of the river that gives its name to the country, the Indus, is Indian territory.

Cities
Skyline of Bombay, India's largest city Bombay (Mumbai) (Maharashtra) is the largest city in India. Other towns with an agglomeration of more than five million inhabitants are:


 * Delhi (Delhi)
 * Bangalore (Bengaluru) (Karnataka)
 * Hyderabad (Hyderabad) (Andhra Pradesh)
 * Ahmedabad (Gujarat)
 * Madras (Chennai) (Tamil Nadu)
 * Calcutta (Kolkata) (West Bengal)
 * Pune (Maharashtra)

Climate
India has by its size several climate zones, ranging from a tropical climate in the South to a temperate climate in the North. Most of India is also characterized by a monsoon climate and has 3 seasons. The cool season from October to February, the hot season from March to June and the rainy season from mid-June to september. The city of Delhi has a rainfall of about 640 mm per year. The southwestern coast and the North-East of the country know much more rainfall. In Darjeeling in northeastern Nepal against the rainfall amount to 3040 mm. This is in contrast to the Thar desert in the Northwest, where rainfall does not exceed 50 mm. Central Deccan plateau is relatively dry.

Flora and fauna
The Bengal tiger is one of the many animals that occur in India<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the northern valleys are mainly forests. In the Northeast, there are many bamboo forests for. The Northwest is mainly steppe and desert. The central plateau in the South has a vegetation of palm trees with rainforest to the rainy Southwest shore.

<p lang="en" len="48" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There are several national parks in India such as:

<p lang="en" len="111" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India knows by its size, its different climates and varied geography a very diverse Animal Kingdom.
 * Sundarbans national park
 * Valley of FlowersNational Park, expansion of Nanda Devi
 * Kaziranga national park
 * Wildlife park Manas (wildlife park)
 * Keoladeo national park

History
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is the birthplace of several major religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism; the country has a significant influence on the developments in Southeast Asia by means of Hinduism and Buddhism. Even before the beginning of our era drove the Indians trade with China in this area, to get to it. The Indians have influenced among other things in the beginning of the Khmer Empire, Java and also in Funan and Champa.Also in contemporary Thailand there are several pre-Tai/kingdoms such as Dvaravati and Haripunchai, Lopburi, which are influenced by the Indians.

Early history
Size of the Indus Valley civilization<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The earliest finds of rotsbewerkingen in India date back to about 40,000 years ago in the Paleolithic period in India and in central Bhimbetaka in other locations. The oldest permanent settlements in South Asia date back to about 9000 years ago. These local culture developed in the Indus Valley civilization (also known as Sindhu-Sarasvatitraditie). This civilization reached its peak between 2600 BC and 1900 BC, and is also one of the oldest civilizations.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">According to recent archaeological findings in the Harappavallei would be the Vedas (sacred Hindu texts) between 800 and 600 BC are put in writing. These texts were written in an ancient form of Sanskrit, where eventually the classic Sanskrit originated from, written in Devanagari script. The official language of India, Hindi, it is still written in theDevanagari script, and, like Marathi and Nepali, closely related to Sanskrit. The Vedas consist of religious hymns about God (s), spiritual philosophy, the universe, nature, and the right way of life. These texts are the cradle of Hinduism and Indian culture and language. Hindi has great deals with a lot of languages spoken in Europe and is also subject to the same language family (Indo-European languages). Supporters of the Aryan invasion theory argue that Greece and Macedonia by invasions from the Caucasus, India has been subject to European influences and that this has led to contemporary Indian culture and language. As an example, often called the invasion of Alexander the great, those around 327 BC the area around the Indus River in northern India conquered. Opponents of this theory argue that, although there have been indeed small conquests, India up to the Portuguese and British rule never has been under control of European dominions or dominions from the Caucasus, nor can be proved that these invasions the Indian language and culture have changed.

Beginning of the Christian era to the colonization
The Taj Mahal, a culmination of Mughal architecture<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">By about the year 300 to the year 500 was a big part of contemporary India part of the Gupta Empire. India was at that time in terms of civilization, the most advanced area on Earth. Indian culture practiced when strong influence on Southeast Asia as a whole. Raids by steppe peoples from Central Asia c. 500, however, led to the collapse of the Gupta Empire.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Next, a huge empire founded by the Chalukya in central India of approximately the years 500 to 750. Islam was introduced shortly after the 700 in the Northwest of the subcontinent, Sindh. About 1200 began the Muslim conquest of the whole of North India. The conquest was initially accompanied by Suppression of the Hindu faith, but over time there grew a certain modus vivendi between Muslims and Hindu 's. Only in a few areas the majority of the population converted to islam. In 1526 established the IslamicMughal Empire in India. The Taj Mahal is also called called one of the wonders of the world. That is why it is also very attractive for tourists.

Arrival of Europeans
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Portugal was the first European country that sailed to the Cape of good hope and India reached. They established there the colony Goa. From the seventeenth centuryEngland began to influence the situation in India. In 1676 the French established themselves on the East coast of India at Pondicherry, South of Madras. From 1858 to 1947 India was governed as a part of the British Empire.

Independence
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">A mainly non-violent rebellion under Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma) Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru formed a part of the road to independence. Although they are in the West as the great heroes of the independence to be seen, Chandra Shekhar Azad and his group were according to the Indians themselves the real heroes.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Udham Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh led with their group the independence of British India in 1947. The Indian subcontinent was divided by the British in the secular State of India and the smaller Muslim state Pakistan. India and Pakistan have since had several border disputes yet. India seized in the civil war between West and East Pakistan in 1971, after which the last area separated themselves as the countryBangladesh. To date, the relations between Pakistan and India on sharp and are the two countries engaged in a arms race.

Population
Population Density<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After China, India is the country with the largest population in the world. At the beginning of the 20th century India counted 250 million inhabitants; that number is now quadrupled. According to the last census counted 1.210.193.422 India (2011)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-census_3-1" len="164" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3]  inhabitants and according to unofficial estimations counts the country anno 2013 approximately 1.220.800.359 inhabitants against the<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-cia_8-0" len="161" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8] .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">More than 72 percent of the population live in rural areas. India France 638.588 villages (2012/2013).

Population Groups
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has a large number of ethnic groups. Roughly North and central India is dominated by the lighter colored Indo-Aryans and dark coloured South India by the Dravidian peoples. These two main groups are differentiated also on linguistic area. In addition, there are also small groups that organize themselves not let in these two main groups.

<p lang="en" len="318" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Religion and the cabinet system also play an important role in awards and often determine one's position in society.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Federal States of India are largely on linguistic and ethnic grounds and the larger ethnic groups have therefore all their own State.

Religion
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is the cradle of different religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. Islam also has an important influence on Indian history and hear, along with Indonesia and India Pakistan to the top three countries with the largest number of Muslims. India has no State religion and is officially a secular country.

<p lang="en" len="475" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Number of adherents of religions according to the last census of 2001:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-religiestats_1-1" len="170" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1] <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Other religions include followers of the Zoroastrian, the Bahá ' í faith and Judaism. It is estimated that there are about five thousand Jews live in India, most in and aroundBombay.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Indian Catholic Church has 160 dioceses, of which 128 Latin, Syro-Malankaarse and 26 6 Syro-Malabaarse.

Languages
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Locally many different languages spoken In India. The largest language groups are predominantly Indo-Aryan languages in North and central India and the dravidian languages in South India.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The main indigenous language is Hindi, that as well as the old Sanskrit written in Devanagari-script. This language is the mother tongue of all kinds of variants in about forty percent of the Indian population. Hindi is also the primary official language that is used by the Federal Government. The English, whose Indian variant based on the Oxford-English, is an associated additional official language. This language is not only in the academic and business contacts throughout India a large role, but is also used by the Federal Government in southern States, where Hindi is not the official language and also not accepted as such.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" len="157" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [9]  in addition, the Constitution still recognizes 21 other official languages, which at State level can play an important role. Apart from that, the States and territories also have official languages set. Finally, 392 (2005<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sil_10-0" len="163" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[10] ) other living languages.

Culture
Holi celebration<p lang="en" len="142" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Indian culture is a melting pot as a result of several immigration waves, which have affected mainly the North of the country.

Society
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is one of the largest and most populous countries in the world and a diverse society full of contradictions. The Indian subcontinent stretches across different climate zones, there are plenty of cultures and ethnic groups, the caste system plays a big role, there are big differences between rich and poor, between old-fashioned and modern, between the urban areas and the countryside. All these contradictions also have a large influence on the Indian clothing. The country has also many traditional costumes, such as the sari, salwar kameez, kurta and dhoti, the the Ghagra Choli.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has many festivals. Most of these come from Hinduism, such as the Holi-Phagwa, Diwali, Vijayadasami, Sankranthi and Pongal.

Music and dance
Indian village musicians<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The two main traditions in the field of classical music, the Carnatic Music of South India and the Hindustani music from northern India. Hindustani music has undergone manyMuslim influences . Both music systems are based on Vedic principles. A number of musical instruments from India, such as the sitar and the tabla, are known worldwide. Non-traditional music, including above all the music from the Bollywood movies, however, is the most popular. There are many traditional dance forms in India, among other things the Bharata Natyam, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathak and Kathakali. Most dances tell a story. Bhangra originates from Punjab.

Literature
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The literature in India, both in written form and orally handed down. The Hindu literature is an important part of Indian culture. Apart from the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad gita and Srimad bhagavatam, which represent a sacred form of knowledge, his major works include the epics: the Ramayana and Mahabharatha. The Vaastu Shastra deals with the architecture and city planning. The Artha Shastra is important in the political studies. Also the Buddhist Pali canon is made in India.

Film Industry
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Despite the fact that a large proportion of the population is poor, has the country thanks to the famous Bollywood on the largest film industry in the world. Cinema is immensely popular in the subcontinent, according to many because it can serve as an escape from reality. Bollywood-the name is derived from the American Hollywood, where the B stands for Bombay, the beating heart of the Indian film world-enjoy huge fame outside India for decades. In many countries, from Morocco to Indonesia and Thailand to Russia, is even more popular than Hollywood Bollywood. The last years the interest in Bollywood also begins to rise in the us, which resulted in some great, on Bollywood calibrated, films such as "Bend It Like Beckham" and "Bride & Prejudice". More and more Indian actors make trips to Hollywood films, such as Aishwarya Rai, Gulshan Grover,Naseeruddin Shah, Anil Kapoor, Jackie Shroff To Puri and.

Food and drinks
Chicken tikka<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Is widely used In Indian cooking rice, grains and spices and fresh herbs to garam masala's (aromatic mixtures) are ground. Curry's, tikka's and kofta's with rice or with fresh bread be eaten, are well-known Indian dishes.

Sports
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Cricket is the most popular sport in India and it is the unofficial national sport. It is so popular that it is seen as one of India's fastest growing industries, the national team is one of the best teams in the world. In 2011 the team become world champion. Another popular sport in which India has achieved many successes, is hockey. Also popular are:tennis, badminton and chess. Chess is believed to originated in India (Chaturanga). Traditional sports from India are Kabaddi, Gilli-danda, polo and badminton, which was devised in a British club in Pune in the 16th century. The rollball is sports in Pune emerged.

Public Authorities
The Secretariat building in New Delhi houses several ministries<p lang="en" len="567" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is a democratic Republic with a predominantly Federal structure.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">At the head, currently a president Pranab Mukherjee. The tasks of this president are largely ceremonial. The president and Vice-President are elected every 5 years by a special electoral college. The terms are not equal and the Vice President does not follow automatically the president at his death.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Executive power lies with the Council of ministers (the cabinet), led by a Prime Minister, currently Narendra Modi. The president appoints the Prime Minister who is nominated by the ruling political party or coalition. The president appoints ministers on the advice of the then Prime Minister.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India's Parliament has two chambers, the House of Lords called Rajya Sabha (Dutch: the Council of States) and the House of Commons called Lok Sabha (Dutch: the House of the people). The Government is accountable to the Lok Sabha.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has universal suffrage since 1950 (Indian Constitution) and the minimum age is 18 years. The country uses a past-the-post system. The extent of a constituency is different for different kinds of election out because one seat per constituency. For national elections, they are therefore larger in size than for elections for the different States.

Governance Structure
States and Union territories, with capitals<p lang="en" len="26" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is divided into:

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The various States have a own Government, in which the function of the chief Minister can be compared to that of a Prime Minister. The parliaments of most States have aunicameral, or the Vidhan Sabha (particularly in non-Hindi States) the Legislative Assembly. Six States have a bicameral legislature, where the Legislative Assembly Vidhan Sabha or the job of Commons Vidhan Parishad and performs the Legislative Council or that of the House of Lords.
 * 29 States, nine of which with a population of more than 50 million inhabitants.
 * 6 Union territories
 * 1 national capital territory (Delhi)

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">All States and Union territories are divided into districts. Nine States common between the State level and the district level an additional layer; divisions called. In addition, there are three small autonomous regionsin India, by the Federal Government designated and have a certain degree of autonomy within the State where they are located. How the districts are further subdivided, varies by State. The districts are divided into tehsilsor talukas , mandals. The districts are grouped In five States in subdivisions.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has no territorial claim on Antarctica but has a permanent research station, Dakshin Gangotri.

Parties
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has a large number of political parties. There are parties that focus on one or a limited number of States, even though some also with the federal general elections with it. In addition, there are also rural but in a limited number of States parties, which are popular. Most parties group themselves in alliances. An overview of parties that at the federal level of interest are:

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After independence, many Governments were populated exclusively by the INC. Since 1989 one is usually forced to close a Coalition between some parties.
 * Indian National Congress (Inc.), since its inception in 1947 to 1989, this party dominated Indian politics. It is situated to the left of the political spectrum. In 2004 came the party more to the fore with Manmohan Singh as Prime Minister.
 * Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): Center-right party, increasingly important in Indian politics since the 1990s.
 * Samajwadi Party (SP), Socialist Party from Uttar Pradesh.
 * Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), moderate Socialist
 * Janata Dal (United) (JD (U)), Centre Party, especially popular in Bihar and Karnataka (DMK)
 * All India Trinamool Congress (WBTC), Socialist
 * Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, social democratic party from Tamil Nadu
 * Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M), especially popular in West Bengal and Tripura.
 * smaller parties are the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), the Shiv Sena (SS), Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam All India Anna (AIADMK), Nationalist Congress Party, Telugu Desampartij (TDP), Rashtriya Lok Dal (RLD), Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and the Communist Party of India (CPI).

Internal political problems
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In India and several separatist movements were active. In the State of Punjab was fought for an independent State by the Khalistan movement.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crenshaw_11-0" len="168" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [11]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[12]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Stephen_Amritsar_13-0" len="176" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13]  The North-East of India since independence is already plagued by groups who fight against the State or against each other. Naxalites, maoïtische militants, are mainly active in the middle and East of the country.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYT260513_14-0" len="169" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [14]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BBC030713_15-0" len="169" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[15]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-TOI-naxal_16-0" len="169" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[16]  Tensions between Hindus and Muslims remain.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-India.27s_Great_Divide_17-0" len="182" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [17]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[18]  Thecaste system, discrimination against Dalits, poverty and overpopulation, environmental pollution are other sources of problems. There is also talk of corruption.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-hindustantimes1_19-0" len="175" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [19]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[20]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[21]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[22]

External political problems
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With Pakistan and China, there are problems about the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Between India and Pakistan are regular battles take place on the line of control. Militants operating in Kashmir get support from Pakistan.

Economy
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">More than 60% of the population works in the agricultural sector. India also has a lot of potential for mining. Steadily, also aided by low wages. The services sector is also a strong growth sector thanks to the high level of education in India. Especially the IT sector is thriving. The Indian economy since the beginning of the 90 's of the 20th century been liberalised. The Indian economy is grown with 6.5% in 2012<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-cia_8-1" len="161" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]  and is the second fastest growing economy, after China.

Agriculture
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">More than 60% of the population are employed in agriculture. The most important crops are rice and cereals as millet (millet and sorghum). Also beans and peanuts are important. India has more cows than any other country in the world, but because of the Hindu faith may not be eaten these animals. They can thereby only be used for their milk.

Mining
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has large commodity stocks, including oil, gas, coal and iron ore. India is the world's third largest producer and consumer of coal. In fiscal year 2009 India produced about 500 million tons; with the known coal reserves the country 80 years at this level can continue with the production. In 14 of the 28 States coal is won; the largest producers are located in the East of the country. The coal is of mediocre quality leaving everything domestic is used. More than 70% of the coal is used for electricitygeneration. In 1973, the industry nationalized, but since 1993 may large coal users, such as power and cement companies, itself mines open. Around 10% of the coal need India import from abroad.The transport of the my to the users is usually by rail<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[23] .

Industry
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Helped by the low wages and the high education of the population in India succeed more and more to Western companies to attract and to establish themselves there. India produces advanced products such as missiles, car's and aircraft. But also textiles, steel and machines are important. In the beginning of the 21st century inhibits the growth of the industry, this makes not less jobs for the educated masses. Since then, however, knows the industry a growth.

Services sector
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Helped by the low wages and high education services has grown. Many Western companies are outsourcing whole parts of the work such as administration, programming and call centers, to India. India is one of the most important software exporters of the world, the value of the software-export lay in 2003 a 10 billion US dollar.

Poverty
<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India is rated among the developing countries with low average income. The Indian Government estimated that over the years 2004 and 2005 average 27.5% lived below the poverty line, which amounted to more than 300 million people. The difference between the poverty in the rural areas (28.3%) and poverty in urban areas (25.7%) is relatively speaking not so great, even though the absolute number of people living in poverty in the rural areas over two and a half times higher. Additionally, life in the urban areas is more expensive, making the poverty line there one and a half times higher than those laid in the rural areas.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There are large differences in prosperity by State. The States around the Ganges and that are the poorest areas of India. The five poorest States were Orissa in 2004 and 2005 (46.4% below the poverty line), Bihar(41.4%) (40.9%) in Chhattisgarh , Jharkhand (40.3%) and Uttarakhand (39.6 percent). The Northwest, the Northeastern States and the South know the least poverty. Seven States and three territories have less than fifteen percent of the population live below the poverty line.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-24" len="159" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [24] .

Transport
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has a large and extensive transport network. The country has one of the largest railway and road networks in the world, transporting millions of people every year.Despite this, there are large parts of the transport network is underdeveloped.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The train is the most widely used means of transport for long distance and is provided by the Indian Railways. The railways are an important part of Indian culture.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">India has a network of national highways, that all important head of State connects towns and cities. In 2005, India had a total of 65.569 km of Highway, of which classified as 4.885 km Expressway. Most motorways have two lanes, whereas in the more developed regions they have four lanes. Near large cities may also have eight lanes highways.The highways are the economic backbone of India. Highways provide great development and many cities along the main highways have an economic boost. The demand forcars is one of the highest in the world. In India they drive links.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In connection with a growing middle class grows also the air traffic in India. The four largest airlines were anno 2008 Air India, Jet Airways, Kingfisher Airlines and Air Deccan.There is a large number of airports.

Points Of Interest
<p lang="en" len="41" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Several tourist attractions in India are: