Skateboarding

Skateboarding was originally an American sport that originated in late sixties of the 20th century. The sport is developed by surfers who surf wanted on the country, and is often linked with the youth culture.

This sport is practiced using a skateboard: a ash wood shelf, with 2 trucks and four wheels where each 2 bearings in it. By itself on a move and jump one can numerous tricks or perform stunts. Forward drive is already steppend, puchen  or slaloming. Due to the popularity of this sport there are special obstacles that also be used for skatingand BMX.



Content
[verbergen]  *1 History  ==History[ Edit] == The sport was in the fifties on the west coast of the u.s. by surfers to surf through on land with their surfboard-mounted roller skate wheels. In the beginning, the discipline just from driving, skidding and some "simple" figures or tricks (from the English for "trick") such as the wheelie or jumping over obstacles where to pass underneath the Board popped up. At the very beginning one could make no kickturns because it had no tail deck (or nose). Later it could though. During a prolonged drought period in California, making people put their empty swimming pool found the Z-Boys, it's a good idea to go skateboarding in the pools where one tricks devised such as the carving (via displacement of their weight buttons continue to drive in bowls), later supplemented with wheelies above the bowls stuck out. Big names from that period are Stacy Peralta (founder of a skateboard company/team Dogtown and Z-boys which later became Powell-Peralta) and the legendary fearless Tony Alva, but also the slightly lesser-knownJim Muir and Shogo Kubo. Stacey Peralta early 21st century made the movie Lords of Dogtown on Dogtown and the Z-Boys, who turned in the movie houses.
 * 2 some specific obstacles/disciplines
 * 2.1 oldskool
 * 2.2 Streetstyle
 * 2.3 Freestyle
 * 2.4 high jump, long jump
 * 2.5 Slalom
 * 2.6 Cruising
 * 3 Some street style tricks
 * 4 Some vert tricks
 * 4.1 by type of
 * 4.2 To name
 * 5 Famous skateboarders (incomplete list)
 * 6 Glossary (no tricks)
 * 7 Photos
 * 8 see also

In the beginning the boards were narrow and long, but soon went one different styles developing with separate boards; in the 1980s, widening for the vertical disciplines and narrower for the slalom and freestyle. A typical vert board at that time barely had a nose, and no concave. A typical freestyle board got more and more nose, lighter trucks such as the magnesium Tracker and ACS 500 and smaller and harder wheels. A typical slalom board at that time was a foam/fiberglass (Summerski) or aluminum copy (e.g. Powell Quicksilver), strong spring loaded with sometimes a diving front because of the streamlining. G & S was also popular with its springy sandwich decks: wood-fiberglass-wood or fiberglass-wood-fiberglass. With the invention of more and more vert tricks end 1990s came vert boards with more nose, and also with concave. Also the vert wheels were narrower. It was discovered that the fastest wheels had a high rebound: a thick edge or lip. The slalom skaters discovered that a light sturdy board gives much better results than a spring loaded instance. Not only wood but also kevlar were popular because of its firmness.

An important medium for the sport was Skateboarder Magazine, that starting from the sixties of the last century was distributed all over the world. The covers give a nice picture of the fashion and developments of skateboarding.

In the 1970s there was introduced a new phenomenon in this sport. Instead of using clay to drive wheels, it was found there polyurethane from. Frank Nasworthy, an American, stole these wheels from the factory where he worked. Originally were that roller skate wheels, but United made sure that this fit under the skateboard, making the skaters went faster. It quickly became speed record after record broken. With an aerodynamic suit and helmet broke Gary Hardwick in Fountain Hills (Arizona) (26 september 1998) the designed for skateboarding, reached with nearly 100 km/h (standing). After the Belgian racing driver Jacky Ickx in the 1970s developed a motor powered skateboard, Billy Copeland came on the idea of a motorized skateboard a record (112 km/h on 15 May 1998). The current state for skateboarding, reached 120 km/h (landscape).

Skating came back in fashion in the eighties with the streetstyle as main discipline. Many followers returned from the disaster to the street to create a variety of figures, which are now being classified as old-school (as for example the no-comply boneless, and footplants). Other disciplines are: downhill, slalom, freestyle, parallel and large bowl (kind of empty pool), disaster (¼ circular ramp), Hollywood disaster (bowl with flat intermediate piece), high and long jump (from board on board) and — that started it all — the cruising. Despite the sometimes even skinnier skinny interest and media coverage in Europe, there are some ground-breaking tricks devised:

By a remarkable reduction of media interest and a lack of new entrants take the popularity of the sport in the early 1980s, back off. Certain pioneers such as Steve Caballero, Rodney Mullen and Natas Kaupas went nevertheless further with skating and inventing new figures, but in a closed circle.
 * 1970s: the arial — people come ' loose ' the vertical course (also called air)
 * 1970s: the first Vert trend in skateboarding.
 * eighties: (by Alan Gelfand ' Ollie ') the first ollie (arial, jumped to hold without board) in the bowl, soon followed by the first jump (ollie) about the canyon (= entrance of a bowl). Because of the many variations that that course part gives, the ramps no vehicles may be used as pieces, while ensuring canyon.
 * 1980s: the rise of the freestyle, in particular by all kinds of tricks Rodney Mullen 's (the kickflip, 50/50 's, the impossible and the handstand handstand variations on the as-kickflip).
 * in the late 1980s: the skaters bring the vert tricks such as ollie and Mike McGill Vert trend in skateboarding. to the street, does for the first time the McTwist; a backside 540 air (rotation in the air) in the halfpipe.
 * 1990s: go skate parks municipalities build different, focused on street style.
 * 1990s: hand rails come in fashion — one makes a ollie on central staircase handrail which is usually of metal, and slides down.
 * 2005: Danny Way jumps with his board from a helicopter in a skate course (March) and also about the great wall of China (July).
 * 2006: the world champion slalom Giammarco Luca gives a demonstration during the opening ceremony of the Olympic Winter Games in Turin.
 * 2006: Danny Way, who already has several records bite enormously high ramps, jumps in Las Vegas (Nevada) by 9 meters high in a quarterpipe. The mixing between the various skateboard-disciplines also in the pipe goes further by adding street-obstacles (banks) on its border and the implementation of kickflips on the transition (= vertical piece of the half-pipe).

Around 1988 skateboarding came back in fashion. The discipline had a lack of elan, and the renewal-a very important factor in skateboarding — was ever more necessary. The great names of Natas Kaupas and when, such as Mark Gonzales started to slide on rails. They give a new direction to the skating, but they remain on the street. The new generation of the 1980s now working on stairs, rails, kerbs (curbs), and so on. Newbies such as Ray Barbee, Mike Carrol, Colin McKay and Salman Agah coming. These are still active, but are not as much in the interest of the media.

The Bones Brigade (Caballero, Hawk, McGill, Guerrero) brings in May 1989 a visit to Scheveningen, Wassenaar and to give demonstrations to Amsterdam to the Hague along with the local skaters led by Richard Kaloi.

Skateboarding In Germany Gets a foothold to the ground by the Titus World Cups, where as expected the Americans (e.g. Christian Hosoi, Ken Park also the Brazilian Sergio Negao with a unique front side 540) steal the show. Some Eastern Europeans Baltic astonished at the slalom.

<p lang="en" len="380" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Between 1992 and 1994 is skateboarding more technical and less aesthetically pleasing.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">This is among other things due to the tiny wheels and the narrow boards. This period is called baggy pants and small wheels ("baggy-pants and small wheels"). This ends the period of the skateboard brand "Powell Peralta". Pepe Martinez, Danny Way (now converted to pipes) and others conquered the street: curbs (curbs), gaps, some rails. After a few years flips and other technical figures to have perfected, the skateboarding back to his first love: large gaps and rails but linked to a very new technique. The festival begins In 1998 Jamie Thomas (a famous skater who still popular brand Zero created).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Bob Burnquist was elected in 2005 best skater of all time by on his skateboard to make a course in a special tunnel-shaped pipe, of which the upper part was missing. He wrote this history because such a thing has never been done by someone. It was also record switch.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Ryan Allen Sheckler (born december 30, 1989) is nowadays just as promising as Tony Hawk and Danny Way back then. He became the world's youngest professional skateboarder in 2003 when he was 13. He has on his 15th over 150 matches won, including the X games and the Gravity Games.

<p lang="en" len="139" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Skateboarding is now conquered by advertising and fashion for its rebellious image and any self-respecting village now has its own skate course.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">An important game in the skate sports Xgamesare, it's the Olympics in the extreme sports. Every famous skater has published new talent is only hypothetical, and many, such as Richard ball. Evelien (15, Aalter, Belgium) in 2005 during the Xgames was 2nd. She leaves many men/boys checking on its board, as well as Elissa Steamer (16, San Francisco, USA), pro skater for Team Zero.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">It is a still live sport. That has been proven during the WORLD CUP Freestyle 2005 in Brazil, where even participants from 20 years ago (Schulz, Mokulys) and from Japan participated.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In retrospect, the skaters are most successful when they are with a lot of fantasy complete new paths, while inspired by other styles and even by other sports (skiing, surfing). Also technological developments play a role, in particular the development of new obstacles/skateparks as the canyon. We see in the future maybe hoveren about metal magnetic boards without friction courses à la Back to the Future? ==Some specific obstacles/disciplines<span class="mw-editsection" len="361" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===Oldskool<span class="mw-editsection" len="327" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Streetstyle<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Freestyle<span class="mw-editsection" len="328" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===High jump, long jump<span class="mw-editsection" len="344" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Slalom<span class="mw-editsection" len="325" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Cruising<span class="mw-editsection" len="326" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ==Some street style tricks<span class="mw-editsection" len="344" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * high and low snakeruns
 * bank
 * surfing
 * Hand rail (railing)
 * hubba (a very very wide railing where you also can push normally)
 * Rail (metal tube)
 * Funbox (usually wooden obstacle, with a hand rail and/or curb and/or mini ramp)
 * Curb, curb (edge where you on grinden can or sliden)
 * Manual-or wheeliebox (a block where you can do tricks on wheelie/manual)
 * All you on the street, such as garbage cans, benches, curbs
 * Launcher-a skate ramp with a bulging, where you yourself over it can "launch"
 * Kicker-a ramp without bulging
 * Quarterpipe: half a halfpipe
 * Drive: 2 sconces with a mean to centerpieces, jump
 * Spine-2 quarters consecutively, depending of the height. (Sometimes these built in bowling green, as in Kortrijk (B), and 2-3 m high)
 * Hip transfer: 2 sconces or quarterpipes at a 90 degree angle next to each other
 * the wall-a very big quarter
 * Freestyle is always done on flat ground without slopes (also called Flatground or flatland called)
 * Flat spots, for example, of asphalt, concrete or marble. No half pipes and quarterpipes.
 * Gentle and steep slopes
 * Flat terrain with somewhere a slope for the initial speed
 * Snakerun (see Glossary)
 * Asphalt streets, preferably with steep slopes
 * Ollie
 * Jump through dolls (it down pushing the tail with your back foot) and slide it to the front (nose) with your front foot; This can be driving and still. This trick was invented by Allen Gelfand and many tricks are based.


 * Grinden
 * With your board about an object back "slide". This is done with the trucks. With the nose, tail or the middle of the board on the slide rail is called ' sliden '.


 * Crooked grind
 * a Nosegrind where the Tail 20 ° to 60 ° to the outside points. When you think of the right side comes running over, and start a Nosegrind, the tail 20 ° to 60 ° to the right.


 * Grab Tricks
 * Grab your skateboard with your hands and thus fly through the air.


 * Kickflip
 * During a ollie the board run horizontally on its axis by the sliden with your foot toward the outside.This trick was invented by Rodney Mullen.


 * Manual and One Wheel Manual
 * At a Manual balancing you on your two rear wheels by sit. During a manual may not the Nose on the ground. At a manual two-wheel drive and a Wheelie (also called One-Wheel Manual called) you drive but on 1 wheel. You can also Wheelies and Manuals on the front of the board do. This is a lot harder and they are called Nose-Manual of Wheelie.


 * Back-and frontside 180
 * An Ollie where you with the board 180 ° turns. (Is often abbreviated to Bs or Fs). Advanced skaters often combine Bs and Fs 180 's with flip tricks


 * 360-degree flip (Tre flip)
 * Your deck horizontal 360º run in combination with a kickflip. This trick looks impressive and many beginners want to learn him.


 * Darkslide
 * With the wheels facing up, and with the grip tape to under about a rail sliden


 * Pop Shove-it
 * Also called Shove-it called. This turns the board 180 º. You don't turn themselves, as opposed to a Front or backside 180


 * Heelflip
 * The board during a kickflip ollie the other side than a run.


 * 360 shove-it
 * 360 shove-it is when you board in the air there let run without 360 ° flip


 * Hard flip
 * A frontside Pop Shove-it with a kickflip.

==Some vert tricks<span class="mw-editsection" len="338" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">All tricks take place on or above the brink of disaster, quarterpipe or halfpipe, unless otherwise indicated. It is intended that lands you, with your feet so on the board and moving in the right direction! ===By type of<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===To name<span class="mw-editsection" len="329" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ===
 * Back side: If during the turn your face towards the quarter or halfpipe is directed.
 * Boned: If you all only does bother to keep as high as possible for you the board during a trick.
 * Front side: If during the turn your face towards outside the Court is directed.
 * Lean air, lien air : extreme bending both knees During a frontside air so that the wheels point downwards.
 * Liptricks : Balancing on the edge with your board, or grinden sliden.
 * Sad: If you all does bother only the nose of the board to keep as high as possible during a trick.
 * Stalefish: If seizes your board with your hand behind your legs along.
 * to fakie: If, after you have done the trick, ' backward ' drives. For example, if you have a quarter pipe on drive. If you're not terugride landing, but again your board (also called called Pauliño ).
 * 720 ° and 900 °
 * 720 ° and 900 ° varials


 * air walk
 * Make a racing during a varial movement


 * blunt
 * You drive right over the edge, where the rear/bottom wheels on the coping/edge rest. Then, with fast footwork, get the board back in the pipe. Varieties: nose-blunt, blunt to fakie kickflip, halfcab blunt, blunt.....


 * Caballerial
 * fakie 360 ° ollie (so also to fakie). For the first time done by Steve Caballero, later freestyle done by Rodney Mullen


 * Christ air
 * During a backside air both legs from the board while keeping your arms (with the board fixed) is-it looks like a statue of Christ, hence


 * egg-plant
 * Extreme bending both knees during a hand plant


 * flip
 * During a trick the board let it run to the horizontal (latitude) as


 * front side hand plant
 * same as hand plant, with your face and chest to the side of course far


 * footplant
 * One foot on the edge while your board makes an arc, and then you back on your board may also jumps-front side


 * gay twist
 * 360º arial


 * grapefruit
 * If your board-on the rear wheel after even (back side) on the side of the coping rest


 * hand plant
 * One hand on the edge of the Court, board up against your feet


 * judo air
 * During a backside air your front leg backwards stretching in line with your body


 * Madonna
 * During a frontside air your front leg backwards stretching, just as if you want to create a footplant


 * McTwist
 * 540 ° backflip (by Mike McGill)


 * rocket air
 * During a backside air stretch your front leg backwards until he stands on the tail


 * sadplant
 * Plant the back foot backwards during a hand stretching and the stretch forward with the front foot board


 * scary walk
 * Same as above but then scary watching (!)


 * smithvert
 * During a hand plant turned ' stand '; method air: during a backside air extreme bending both knees so that the wheels pointing upwards


 * varial
 * During a trick the board let it run to the vertical axis without participation

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There is something ' strange ' going on with the propulsion of a skateboard trucks set up-with-los (especially in cruisers and slalommers) what stunt cyclists also experienced: the pump-effect. If moving back and forth rhythmically ' in gentle curved roads to drive on, then it turns out the ' board to make from speed. A strange phenomenon, because with a little downwind you can keep a decent speed, without steppes. ==Famous skateboarders (incomplete list)<span class="mw-editsection" len="361" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==Glossary (no tricks)<span class="mw-editsection" len="358" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * bail-dropped and usually involving blood also prevents
 * bowl/pool-a deflated swimming pool (formerly) or a swimming pool-shaped skateboarding course (nowadays)
 * canyon-break-in-piece of a bowl or pipe
 * coping -the edge of a court, where most tricks are made
 * Cruising-driving on the street with a surf-like style
 * curbs-curbs (also artificially)
 * downhill-it as soon as possible of a long, sloping Hill drive, usually with curves
 * elbow-pads-elbow guards
 * Flatland-tricks do on a flat terrain
 * bonding tape grip tape-side rough, which is causing the feet are on the skateboard
 * goofy-foot-the right foot is the front foot, you put off with the left
 * grinden (pronounced: grainden)-a trick in which the trucks of the skateboard over the coping/rail/curb barns and an abrasive sound. Sometimes you can even see sparks.
 * hand rail-the railing of a staircase (mostly metals)
 * halfpipe-skateboard-a job that consists of half a tube with a flat spacer; also have 2 quarterpipes that face each other with a vertical section.
 * knee-pads-knee pads
 * bearings-metal parts of a wheel, out there with small balls will make a skateboard wheel can revolve around an axis
 * mini ramp-a skateboard-course which consists of half a tube with a flat spacer; also have 2 quarterpipes that face each other
 * nosepad-see tailpad, but then on the nose of the board
 * pumpen-a way of speed in a mini ramp, halfpipe or bowl/pool, at the right time by your knees and move your weight so you speed makes without steppes.
 * quarterpipe (translated quarter-pipe)-¼ part of a tube, where skateboarders can ride and then up against and can perform tricks.
 * disaster-speak from remp a small half-pipe but again bigger than the mini ramp
 * regular-foot-the left foot is the front foot, you put off with the right
 * slalom with a skateboard as fast as possible between Gates (cones, cans) continue
 * slider bar-(1) a plastic rod, which sometimes along at the bottom of the edges of a street or vert board is fastened, from damaging the board. (2) a-usually metal and sometimes beveled-edge where the skateboarder tricks on can do, such as slides.
 * snakerun-a concrete or asphalt Court in the form of a snake, which the sides are up. "Straight" snakeruns exist as well.
 * steppes-just like with a step, with 1 foot drop off and remain on the board with the other foot
 * street skating-do tricks on the street and/or with use of artificial street furniture
 * tailpad or brake pad-wooden or plastic cube that sometimes at the bottom/back of a board is confirmed
 * transition-the curved portion of a disaster
 * vert-(1) the vertical half pipe discipline. Since the 1980s, it is also to be taken literally: drive up against walls, with or without the help of a disaster. (2) the vertical part of a pipe
 * wrist pads-wrist guards