Colette

Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye, 28 January 1873 - Paris, 3 August 1954) was a French writer. She wrote under her last name Colette, without first name or initials.



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[hide] *1 Life  ==Life[ Edit] == ===Early life[ Edit] === Colette was born as the youngest of four daughters of the tax collector (and former officer) Jules-Joseph Colette and Adèle Eugénie Sidonie Landoy. Her early childhood was strongly governed by her strong-willed mother, with whom she remained and which letter always contact as "Sido" returns in her later autobiographical novels.
 * 1.1 early life
 * 1.2 Variety
 * 1.3 Journalistic and literary career
 * 1.4 later life
 * 2 Bibliography
 * 3 literature and sources
 * 4 external links

In 1893, Colette married the much older novelist and literary critic Henry Gauthier-Villars (Willy) and settled in Paris. It meant for Colette the beginning of a literary career, but also by the loss of the contacts with her mother and nature, which they will in her literary work her life long retrieval.

The special Colette's literary talent was soon recognised by her husband. He then forced her, sometimes even by imprisonment, for a number of autobiographical novels about her school years to write and under his own name, "Willy", to publish. This created between 1900 and 1903 its four more or less autobiographical Claudine novels.The series had immediately a great success, partly because of numerous erotic scenes, and the film was and soon also on stage. Shortly after writing the last Claudine-roman left separate itself from her husband, Colette not only because of his compulsive character, but also because of his infidelity and disagreements about the copyrights. The disappointment over her stranded marriage processes them later in La Retreat sentimentale (1907), in which she looks back with nostalgia on her lost youth. ===Variety[ Edit] === Colette in Rêve of Egypt ', 1907, PhotoLéopold ReutlingerColette lived a time long after her divorce with the writer Natalie Clifford Barney and she ended up in the theater-life of Paris. When they were in 1907 during the performance of a pantomime ("Rêve d ' Égypte ') in the Moulin Rouge a woman kissed caused a major scandal. She describes her life as a variety artist in her novelsL'Ingénue libertine (1909), La Vagabonde (1910), L'Entrave (1913). ===Journalistic and literary career<span class="mw-editsection" len="365" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">From 1910 take Colette the literary management of Le Matin newspaper and met her second husband, Henri Jouvanel, the father of her daughter (Bel Gazou). In the years 1913 to 1920 she emerged as a journalist. Her Novella Mitsou ou comment l'esprit vient aux filles (1917) played her new optimism. She believes in the possibility of the total surrender of the loving man. The man comes, however, emerged as a weak figure who disturbs the harmonic world of women, and therefore plays only a marginal role in her life. Thus, her first in the feuilleton novel Chéri (1920) as subject the renunciation of love of the older Lea for the young Chéri, because they understand that any resistance by the time is useless. The young man, obsessed with the decline of Lea, sees only one way out in suicide (La fin de Chéri, 1926).

<p lang="en" len="86" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Colette separated in 1924 by Jouvanel after a high-profile affair with her stepson. Tomb of Colette, Cimetière du Père-Lachaise, Paris===Later life<span class="mw-editsection" len="340" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1925 gets Colette a relationship with the young Belgian Maurice Gamal, with whom she will marry in 1935. With La Naissance du jour (1928) and Sido (1929) makes them finally los of all vanity and illusions of love, and she tries only to find the values from her youth. However, she never lost her zest for life and kept getting fascinated by the many aspects of the liede. Three novels about jealousy follow each other: Le Pur et l'Impur (1932), La Chatte (1933), Duo (1934). They regarded themselves as her best work.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">To the people with whom she her fears during the Second World War shared what she wrote in that period to cheer some more lighthearted than usual novels, of which the most well-known is Gigi . Gigi. was made into a filmtwice, there is a play of made and the story has been used for a musical.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1945, a member of the Académie GoncourtColette. In 1953 she became Grand Officer of the Légion d'honneur and was a member of the Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The 80th birthday of Colette in France was celebrated as a national event. When she died in 1954 attacked her a State funeral at share. ==Bibliography<span class="mw-editsection" len="340" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == First Edition ' Claudine à l ' École '*La Vagabonde (1910) ==Literature and sources<span class="mw-editsection" len="349" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * Claudine à l ' École (1900)
 * Claudine à Paris (1901)
 * Claudine and ménage (1902)
 * Claudine s'en va (1903)
 * Dialogues the Mukesh (1904)
 * La Retreat sentimentale (1907)
 * Les vrilles de la vigne (1908)
 * L'Ingénue libertine (1909)
 * L'Entrave (1913)
 * L'Envers du music-hall (1913)
 * Mitsou ou comment l'esprit vient aux filles (1917)
 * L'Enfant et les sortilèges (1918, Maurice Ravel opera libretto for)
 * Chéri Chéri(1920), transl. Greetje van den Bergh, 1975
 * La Chambre éclairée (1922)
 * La maison de Claudine (1922) my mother's House, vert. Kiki Cantu, 2005
 * Le Blé en herbe (1923) As the young corn matures, vert. NEHA Verma, 1977
 * La Femme the far side (1924)
 * La fin de Chéri, the end of Chéri(1926), transl. Greetje van den Bergh, 1975
 * La Naissance du jour (1928)
 * Sido Sido(1929), vert. Kiki Cantu, 2005
 * Le Pur et l'Impur (1932)
 * La Chatte (1933) the cat, transl. j. Gethmann-Salaam and Evelien van Leeuwen, 1977
 * Duo (1934)
 * Chambre d ' Hôtel (1940)
 * Journal à rebours (1941)
 * Le képi (1943)
 * Nudité (1943)
 * Gigi (1944)
 * Paris de ma fenêtre
 * Julie de Carneilhan (1941)
 * L ' Étoile Vesper (1946)
 * Le Fanal bleu (1949)
 * Histoires pour Bel-Gazou (Nouvelles), Hachette, Illustrations Alain Millerand, 1992
 * Colette journalist: Chroniques et reportages inédit, (1893-1945), 2010
 * J'aime être gourmande, présentation the g. Bonal et f. Maget-introduction the g. Martin, L'Herne, Paris 2011
 * A. Bachrach e.a.: Encyclopedia of world literature. Bussum, 1980-1984. ISBN 90-228-4330-0