Improperia

The Improperia or Improperia (ecclesiastical Latin, plural of improperium = reproach) is a hymn during the cross worship in the Latin liturgy of Good Friday . It is sung by the choir, while the faithful venerate the cross. After Improperia sung the Crux fidelis.



Content
[verbergen]  *1 Contents of the Improperia  ==[Content  of the Improperia edit ]  == The Improperia has the shape of a question and answer song ( responsorial chant). The figure of Jesus complains about the fact that his people ("Popule meus") would have been ungrateful, while among other would have resulted from Egypt and would have fed with manna during the 40-year journey through the desert. The choir responds with a prayer to God.
 * 2 History
 * 3 Music
 * 4 Criticism
 * 5 Text
 * 6 Sources
 * 6.1 General Information
 * 6.2 Subject antisemitism
 * 7 External links

The Improperia (reproaches in English) consist of three parts. The first part consists of three reproach, namely, Popule meus, Ego eduxi and ultra Quid, and partly based on the Trisagion (fortis Sanctus Deus Santus, immortalis Sanctus) after each of the blame in Latin and Greek is repeated. The second part contains nine blame. The third part does not belong strictly to the Improperia. It consists of the antiphon Crucem Tuam Adoramus, the first verse of Psalm 67 (Deus misereatur nostri), the poem Crux fidelis of Venantius Fortunatus and the hymn Pange lingua gloriosi lauream.

Especially the chorus (Trisiagon, thrice holy) in Greek and Latin is striking. The Trisagion with it's Kyrie one of the few remaining Greek texts of the Latin liturgy.

Both complain of God over his people, as the question and answer form, breathe a Judaic tradition. ==History [  edit ] == Some think it Improperia probably arose at the time of Ignatius (2nd century), John Chrysostom (4th century) and Augustine . At that time there was a climate of anti-Judaism, which the Jewish nation was maligned because of the alleged murder of Christ. Others think that the Improperia arose in the 9th century.

In 1560 composed Giovanni Palestrina the first version in polyphonic music. Pope Pius IV then ordered to carry it out in the Sistine Chapel, where one can still hear it every year on Good Friday. ==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Music  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The first versions of the Improperia were unanimous in the Gregorian . Later Improperia several times polyphony put to music:

==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Critiquing  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Improperia by groups such as the Consultative between Jews and Christians (OJEC) interpreted in the Netherlands as an expression which has called for anti-Semitism . In Improperia comes the Jewish people, after all, for only in a negative form. It is according to these groups also often been led to pogroms . In 1999, the OJEC objected to the inclusion of the Improperia in the Service Book of the Protestant Uniting Road -Churches.
 * Improperia by Giovanni Palestrina in 1560, probably the first polyphonic version.
 * Improperia by Diego Dias Melgas (1638 - 1700)
 * The reproaches by John Sanders (1933 - 2003)
 * Improperia by Goeyvaerts 1959
 * Los improperios by Federico Mompou from 1963, performed by Collegium Musicum in June 2005.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Previously included the text around 1976 The Draft Proposed Book of Common Prayer, but this was rejected by the General Convention of the Episcopal Church, because of the possibility to give it an anti-Semitic interpretation. In 1979, a revised version of the Improperia was included in From Ashes to Fire by the Methodists . In this version the possible misinterpretations were avoided. This version was recorded in 1985 inThe Book of Alternative Services of the Anglican Church of Canada. In this version, Christ accuses mankind that they have chosen Israel the scapegoat for their own debt. According makes the Biblical stories of the crucifixion Christ from the cross in any case humanity or blame the Jewish people.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Several other organizations have proposed alternatives to the Improperia.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1959 was the intercession Pro perfideis Judaeis already been removed from the Roman Catholic liturgy. However, the Improperia were then maintained.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Most theologians and Christians, as Hans Uytenbogaardt, however, see the Improperia an expression of the fact that all are facing both the debt they contribute to the creation of the cross as the salvation that this cross brings them. The cross meditation, according to that vision "an act of confession, commitment and hope. " ==<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[Text  Edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == MENU    0:00