History of New Zealand

This article gives a brief overview of the history of New Zealand .



Content
[hide] *1 earliest inhabitants  ==Earliest inhabitants[ Edit] == About the earliest history of New Zealand is one currently actually still quite uncertain.
 * 2 European discoverers of New Zealand and naamsafkomst
 * 3 British colony
 * independence of New Zealand 4

Approximately 26,500 years ago found one of the largest volcanic eruptions in history took place on the North Island. This ' Oruanui eruption ' (with global repercussions) led to the formation of a crater on the North Island that is now known as the Taupo. During a later eruption in 181 to Rome air China and colored, it is more grown up to its current size.

According to some, would be about 925 a Polynesian Navigator Kupe with the name New Zealand have discovered. He would then have called the country Aotearoa, which roughly translated in the Dutch "the land of white clouds" means. He, however, remained, but returned after a short exploration of the Islands back to his home, Hawaiki, an island in eastern Polynesia. Of this theory is, however, not completely sure, so it would also be a legend.

About 1200, the New Zealand Maori's to on. They came (like Kupe) also leave from Hawaiki and had their home because of overpopulation, tribal warfare and epidemics. New Zealand was, however, when the Maori arrived, a few hundred years inhabited by primitive tribes who were from islands from eastern Polynesia. They were probably already in New Zealand came to the Moriori's and about 700. Of them would then also have migrated to the Chatham Islands . The Moriori's were mainly hunters and fishermen. Some individuals did, however, also to agriculture. It is these people who were responsible for the extinction of the early fauna of New Zealand, including the moa (a large non-flying bird). The inhabitants of the Chatham Islands were only the beginning of the 19th century in their existence threatened by the Maoris. The Maori had more weapons and thereby the Moriori's as good as no chance against them. It is believed that in 1933 the last true Moriori the pipe to Maarten gave. ==European discoverers of New Zealand and naamsafkomst[ Edit] == In 1642 Abel Tasman of the Hollander got Governor-General Anthony van Diemen and the Council of the Indies to the great "South country" (also called Terra incognita called australis) to go investigate. In the same year left 2 ships, the Heemskerck and the Zeehaen "" "" from Batavia in Indonesia to Mauritius to deliver goods and supplies in store. Eventually, on 8 October 1642 Tasman sailed towards Australia, the current. During this journey he arrived first, however, on an unknown country. He called it Diemensland. Diemensland was actually the current Tasmania (an Island South of Australia). However, mainland Australia to see he got.

Then on 13 december 1642 Tasman was the first European to ever saw the South Island of New Zealand. Hence he continued his journey to the North and on 19 december he was attacked by a group of hostile Maoris.They killed some of his men. The newly discovered country was named by Tasman first "States country". Later one changed this in New Zealand. The country was named after the Dutch province of Zeeland, a province where many Dutch naval heroes came from. Tasman sailed further north along the west coast of the North Island, there were also a few small islets discovered and then set course back to Batavia, where there was Tasman arrived on 15 June 1643. The VOC was actually disappointed in the results of Tasman. He also knew to say that the locals very hostile and that trading there so not yet worthwhile endeavor.

Just over 100 years later, the British Explorer James Cook between 1769 and 1774 two trips around the world. On October 7, 1769 he discovered the East coast of the North Island with his ship "Endeavour". He also discovered the passage between the North Island and the South Island and managed to good contacts with the local population.

<p lang="en" len="166" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">However, the Dutch and the British initially had little interest in New Zealand and focused especially on Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and India. ==British colony<span class="mw-editsection" len="351" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The first whalers reached New Zealand at the beginning of the 19th century. They mostly came from Tasmania and Australia and settled in the Bay of Islands (North of the North Island). The United Kingdom also sent missionaries to this area. However, New Zealand tried to win the French and the British response, together with the Maoris signed the Treaty of Waitangi on 6 February 1840. As a result, New Zealand became a British colony. Thanks to this Treaty recognized the sovereignty of the United Kingdom the Maori, the Maori were given the same rights as the British and recognized the Maoris hold their ground. This led to many bloody conflicts were interpretation differences and eventually as the Taranaki war (First Maori-war). Taranaki was the British settlement in fire and destroyed. However, an army of thousands of British soldiers took revenge in a battle that would last another 5 years. Because of these conflicts was in 1840 the New Zealand Company founded by Edward Gibbon Wakefield. As a result, it was decided that the New Zealand land to sell at fixed prices and with that money would then be paid for the crossing of emigrants. So was all land sold within a few months. When the first settlers arrived, however, there appeared to be more land sold than there really was available. The British Government jumped into the breach and went on a large scale colonization was still completed purchase lands which the New Zealand Company and could be lifted. Around this time, also founded the current capital city Wellington .

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1845 was George Grey sent to New Zealand. He was appointed Governor and had the task to restore order. He has cracked down on, but was still a fair way to win back the confidence of the Maoris. New Zealand got a new Constitution on 23 december 1846. It got the names New Ulster and New Munster and was divided into provinces. Each province had its own Governor. In 1852 there was again a new Constitution. New Zealand was now of provincial boards, a General Council in addition to the Governor and a general representative. By this system were the 6 New Zealand provinces suddenly 6 independent kleinstaten.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">New Zealand got more autonomy for the first time In 1856. The Maoris felt at this time by the abundant white population squeezed. The white population began to get alarmed by the Maoris for attacks. The result was the second Maori war that lasted from 1860 to 1870. The were a series of bloody scenes that remained limited primarily to the North Island. The Maori were attempting to come to a unity under a King but failed. Their Hau-Haubeweging which was founded in 1865, was based on a mixture of own faith and Biblical faith and focused against Christianity and foreign domination. Eventually lost the Maoris still their country by forced sale or confiscation. In 1861 there was also a huge influx of settlers followed thanks to the discovery of gold in Otago. In 1862, the system of for purchase of land by the Government developed, whereby the last protection against the Maori their soil loss droped. In 1865, Wellington named new capital (formerly Auckland this honor came to far).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">From 1870 to 1890 was one Ministry, under Sir Harry Atkinson, to the Government. This period was marked by a deep depression and in 1875 became centralized government and Administration again. In 1882 were first brought to New Zealand via ships cooling rooms. This meant a new source of income for the country, namely the breeding and slaughter of sheep.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Measures were taken In 1881 against mass immigration of Chinese labour. The Kermadeceilanden were annexed In 1887 and also the Cook Islands in 1900, Savage Island and Suvoroveiland. The men's suffrage was introduced In 1889 and in 1890 came for the first time liberal and workers ' parties in Office. By the unique social legislation for that time, State socialism and economic planning were made tremendous progress in the next 20 years. The agriculture was intensified, the kleingrondbezit was favored, women gained suffrage in 1893 (New Zealand was the first country in the world, with women's suffrage), and the Labour Party, which separated in 1909 with the Liberal Party as a party formed a whole, af. At this time there were many strikes in New Zealand. In 1912 the conservative National Party came back to the regime. Meanwhile, New Zealand on 26 september 1907 became an autonomous dominion.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">During the world wars formed the New Zealand soldiers along with the Australian soldiers ANZAC (Australia, New Zealand Army Corps) that in Europe, Africa and Asia fought the Germans and the Japanese. In 1919 Western Samoa mandate territory of New Zealand. In 1930, New Zealand hit hard by the global crisis and the Government went on to drastic retrenchment and pay cut. In addition, the extensive social legislation was also out of action. The Labour Party came thereupon in the opposition but won the elections again in november 1935. This made it nationalized banking system, there was a minimum wage introduced and the railways were nationalized. ==Independence of New Zealand<span class="mw-editsection" len="372" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1947, New Zealand for the first time independent, autonomous member of the British Commonwealth. 2 years later, than the Conservatives under s. Holland back to reign, but the political and social structure underwent no strong changes more. In 1951, the House of Lords raised. During the 1950s, the New Zealand agricultural economy a huge flowering period and New Zealand was for some years the most prosperous country in the world. The earnings were therefore one of the highest in the world. It was thought, however, not to go to industrialize in times of great prosperity, making New Zealand for export still rely heavily on was from the United Kingdom.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1957 Labour could form a Government again led by Nash. In 1962, the New Zealand Western Samoa independent mandate area. In 1964 supported the then Government, led by the Conservatives, Malaysia in its conflict with Indonesia. New Zealand also support granted to the Americans in Viet Nam obtained their New Zealand politics, and as a result close ties with the United States.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the 1970s the Conservatives lost their majority played to the Labour Party. The new Prime Minister David Lange announced when a landing ban for by nuclear-powered warships in New Zealand ports. This led to tensions with the United States and Australia. When the United Kingdom joined the EEC in 1973, took care of that for an economic disaster in New Zealand. Agricultural products were bought mainly from EEC countries from now on by the United Kingdom. New Zealand sentenced to borrow money which sustained the foreign debt with a huge inflation as a result. The National Party won the elections again In 1975 under the leadership of Muldoon. They remained in Office until 1984. Muldoon, however, lost the elections of 1984 after a conflict over trade unions. In 1985, the ship "Rainbow Warrior" by the French secret service in Auckland and sunk.