Rudolf Mössbauer

Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer  ( Munich , January 31 1929 - Munich-Grünwald , September 14th 2011 [1] ) was a German physicist in 1961 the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for his discovery in 1957 of him named mössbauereffect . He shared the prize with Robert Hofstadter who received the Nobel Prize for other work. ==[Biography  edit ] == Mössbauer was the son of Ludwig Mössbauer and Erna Ernst. He grew up in the years of Hitler's National Socialism and the run-up to World War II.Despite the war, he received his education at the secondary school in Munich-Pasing, where he graduated in 1948 before graduation.

After his interest in physics by the Deutsches Museum was piqued, he began at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) to study physics, which he completed in 1955 with a diploma. Because the facilities he worked from 1955 to 1957 at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelbergon his thesis. In January 1958 he was allowed after an oral examination with Professor Heinz Maier-Leibnitz of the TUM take his doctorate in reception.

In 1960 he accepted an invitation from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), where he continued his research on gamma-absorption. In 1961 - shortly after the announcement of the Nobel Prize - he was appointed professor of physics at Caltech. Three years later the Faculty of Physics of the TUM took to turn him back to his homeland. Apart from a break of five years he was from 1964 until retirement in 1997, professor of experimental physics. From 1972 to 1977 he was director of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble . ==Work [  edit ] == His doctoral research on the resonance absorption of gamma radiation in the iridium isotope 191  Ir eventually led to the experimental evidence ofRecoilless Nuclear Resonance Absorption. This evidence formed the crucial basis for the discovery of nuclear resonance fluorescence, known as themössbauereffect .

Using the mössbauereffect was around 1960 by Robert Pound and Glen Rebka the first experiments provided evidence of the gravitational redshift -time dilation within a gravitational hole - in the gravitational field of the earth. With the Pound-Rebka experiment, the accuracy was demonstrated by Einstein's general theory of relativity . ==[Recognition  edit <span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Mössbauer was a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (Rome) and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . For his work in the field of resonance absorption of gamma radiation he received several awards, including the Prize of the Research Corporation of New York (1960), Röngtenprijs of the University of Giessen (1961), the Elliot Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute ( 1961), the Maximilian Order for Science and Art(1984), the Lomonosov Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1984) and the Albert Einstein Medal (1986).