Table tennis

Ping pong or table tennis is a sport in which two or four players a light and hollow ball with a bat back and forth about a table with a net in the middle. The object of this game is to save the ball over the net on the table half of the opponent, in such a way that this incorrectly or not at all the ball can hit back.

If competitive sports table tennis set high physical and mental demands on the players, on the other hand, it is for millions of people throughout the world a relaxing pastime.



Content
[hide] *1 History  ==History[ Edit] == The history of table tennis is to see only in conjunction with other types of sports, especially tennis. As with many sports, table tennis began as a social break; It was probably first played-with improvised material-somewhere in the end of the 19th century in England. Some sources claim that the first time was played by British soldiers in India or South Africa and then taken to England.
 * 2 game forms
 * 3 game rules
 * 4 Material
 * 5 Grip
 * 6 Effects
 * Olympic Games 7
 * 8 competitions and Championships
 * 9 table tennis organizations
 * 10 see also
 * 11 external links

Table tennis, like badminton and tennis, arose from the medieval tennis. In England in 1884 patent granted on the name "Miniature-Indoor-Tennis-Game". In 1901 discovered the English table tennis lover James Gibb during a trip to the United States celluloid balls, which the hitherto usual light, but very hard canvasbal replaced. It got the game a new, more sporty accent. Around 1900, the game was known as the current names ("table tennis" and "ping pong"), and several brand names such as "Gossima", "Flim-Flam", "Pim Pam" (France) and "Whiff-Whaff" (America). In 1926, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) founded in Berlin, Germany, England, Hungary, with Denmark, India, Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, Wales and Sweden as members. Later that year, the United States is also a member.

In Netherlands, the production of table tennis tables started by Heemskerk Sport. Heemskerk Sport exists since 1961. She is founded by the brothers Heemskerk, both ex-table tennis champions of Netherlands. The brothers initially Heemskerk kept themselves busy making ships. About 55 years ago built the Heemskerk's their first tennis table. In the early 1960s was a real factory involved and increased production partly because of the increasing number of foreign partners. During the recession in the 1970s, remained the only one of four Dutch tafeltennistafelsproducenten about Heemskerk. ==Game Forms[ Edit] == Table tennis has seven official game forms:

==Game Rules[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="181" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">For proper storage (service), the ball is at rest on the open and flat palm to lie, and as straight as possible at least 16 cm should be thrown up.
 * men's singles
 * women's singles
 * mixed singles (in which a man and a woman play against each other, which is often under the regular United League men)
 * men's doubles
 * women's doubles
 * mixed doubles (on both sides of the net one man with one woman)
 * team competition (each party won in the aforementioned game form delivers one point for the team)
 * Storage

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the ball has reached the highest point it must be so struck that he first touches the own playing field, goes over the net without hitting, and then the playing surface of the opponent hits. Unlike tennis, there need not be taken into account at the service where the ball first bounces (own table half) and where who then end up. The ball must be served as both diagonal parallel. If the ball hits the net, and still ends up correctly, the service must be done again. At a service that the other side of the table not correct picks, is immediately awarded a point to the opponent, without first error. Depositories should from behind (line) at the end of line of sight on the ball and may happen during storage are not blocked for the opponent, the referee or the possible second referee. Whenever there are two runs were scored in a set, exchange the service of player (or team).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The first player to 11 points wins the game, except in the case of a tie of 10-10. Then the players to turn to serve. The first player that has more than 2 points than his opponent wins the game. Until 2001, a game at 21 points won and became the service switched every 5 points. At the end of each game the players play half Exchange. Those who first served in the previous game, will be the first to receive now. Typically, three or sometimes four games played until a player has won, depending on the level of the competition. In the last game (fifth in best-of-five, seventh in best-of seven, also called "belle") is once again playing half switched when a player five points.
 * Game

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Table tennis can also be played as a double-or mixed doubles. At the double, the players take turns to save (so not like tennis where players have a choice) and after determining the first server and first recipient is the service/reception order fixed (2 x retrieved, then 2 x serving, then the fellow player). At a double play there should be from the right table half diagonal (-to the left) to be served. After each game not only changes the first server but also the recipient. (Imagine: players play against A + B X + Y and A served to Player X in the previous game, then serves it to player Y). In a possible 5th or 7th game of both teams shall exchange side. The player who remains to storage to storage would be normal but the Exchange recipients. At the time that a team or Player 5 points, Exchange both players or teams of both side.(If normal Player X had to received player Y now.)
 * Double

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">(Countries) teams also come against each other. Each team consists of three to four players and a maximum of ten games played, one of which is a double match. Each player may play up to three to four games. First be played only four games, then the double and finally 5 play only. ==Material<span class="mw-editsection" len="327" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Dimensions;Play Space <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The play space, so the floor area around the table, serves at Grand slam tournaments at least 14 metres long and 7 metres wide and by a 75 inches high shot to be fenced.Also the right lighting is bound to comprehensive rules, which by the speed of the game and the player's concentration on the little ball is understandable.
 * Team (team competition)

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The table tennis table, equal to the playing surface, has a length of 274 inches and a width of 152.5 centimetres. The table top, 76 inches above the floor, is through a network, divided into two equal areas. For the benefit of the doubles again each of these planes is also split into two planes through a 3 mm wide White Center line. Around the playing surface is a 2 inch wide white line made. The surface of the table may not reflect, usual are dark green and blue tables.
 * Table

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The net is 186 inches wide and 15.25 inches high and is at the top with a 15 mm wide white band. The tension on the net should be such that the maximum 10 mm drops if it is in the middle with a weight of 100 grams is charged.
 * Just

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Each player has a wooden bat (usually called in Belgium palette ) that serves as a bat. Size, shape and weight are not restricted. The bat is normally lined with rubbers on both sides (red or black), to get the ball to give effect (spin). Moreover, choose some players, particularly Asian, which typically hold the bat with a pen holder grip, only one rubber. However than the other side to be colored in the color of the rubber.
 * Bat

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There are several types of batrubbers on the market. There are flat, flat rubber (slicks), and rubbers with ' bubble ' (intermediates), one distinguishes short and long in this bubble. The long studs that have as effect with each stroke is reversed the effect of the opponent. The short studs are especially spelverstorend meant and have a less clear effect. Also there are rubbers which are flat, but in terms of development are similar to long studs. These seals are called ' anti'rubbers (also called allergy power called). Many players adapted a technique for years, the so-called ' adhesives ', which means that the rubbers only shortly before the game with a special kind of glue were pasted on the wooden paddle.This was especially the battle speed be affected. Adhesives is prohibited worldwide, however, since september 2007, because the adhesive fumes could be bad for health.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">A match ball has a diameter of 40 millimeters and a weight of 2.7 ounces and in addition to his purely around. The ball should not gleam and serves of celluloid or similar plastic to be made. The jump height at least a height of 30 inches is required at 23-and to be up to 25 inches. The ball can have different colors but need to be monochrome. The most arising are white, yellow and orange. In the past, the diameter of the ball 38 millimeters, but this was after the 2000 Summer Olympics to slow down the game tempo to something in order to make sport more attractive (more to follow) for the spectators. ==Grip<span class="mw-editsection" len="323" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Shake HandlePen Holder HandleTopspin<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">One can both attack and defend with forehand and backhands layers. Designates the palm in striking the ball towards the table then it is called the reverse of the forehand, backhand.
 * Ball

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">How the bat is held is called the grip. One distinguishes: the shake handle, the Japanese pen holder handle and the Chinese pen holder handle.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the European countries, considering the shake handle applied, uses the bat or pallet usually held as young children a geweertje forms with their hand. The little finger, ring finger and middle finger around the own, the index finger is on the one hand on the rubber and the thumb on the other hand on the rubber.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In Asian countries, particularly in China, it is common that one holds the bat as a pen, this is called the pen holder handle. Thumb and forefinger come here on the same side against the rubber.This grip means that there is normally but with one side of the palette is played, although there are exceptions. It is therefore generally bat but from one side with a rubber provided. The wooden back should be red or black or colored, depending on color of the rubber. A well-known example of a player who the pen holder technique is the multiple World Cupwinner Wang Hao. ==Effects<span class="mw-editsection" len="326" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">One can run the ball for its own axis (effect) by the bat in upward direction (topspin) or downwards (Backspin) along the ball to ' iron out '. At table tennis give the effect to the ball plays a very large role. One distinguishes different effects, although they are in practice often occur at the same time (e.g. zijtopspin).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Of course it is also possible to save the ball without effect. This is called ' contra ' store. Also there can be combinations of effects to be played. Topspin can be used on a Backspin struck ball so that the effect is neutralizes. Similarly, one can answer with a topspin ball struck a Backspin. Back spiders on side spins or a ball with topspin, however, is not so wise because the ball than way too high or next to the dinner. A better solution is to topspinnen on a ball with side impact and to wait as long as possible with the ball store (thus weakens the effect a bit). To create an effect the ball must be hit in a way. This is different for each effect. Good table tennis players can these effects (mainly at the service) appear on each other, with the aim to deceive the opponent in the kind of effect that is given. If this succeeds, it will probably come back a little higher or miss, in the first case the ball may often be teruggespind or gesmasht. ==Olympic Games<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == The play table<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Since 1988 a Olympic sportis table tennis. Up to and including the 2004 Olympic Games was fought in the singles and doubles. From the doubles Beijing 2008 is replaced by the teams. ==Competitions and Championships<span class="mw-editsection" len="349" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == The level of the Dutch National Championship (and cups) is early 21st century overall high subordinate to that of the German Bundesliga and the French Pro A, the strongest leagues in Europe. ==Table Tennis Organizations<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * Backspin: the rotational energy is when hitting the paddle of the opponent converted to speed down. The ball can go in the net. A ball with this rotation would roll towards you on the table. This effect is achieved by the ball with open bat (back) at the bottom to get rid, with the bat moves forward/down (depending on the time of touching).
 * Topspin: the rotational energy is when hitting the bat of the opponent converted to speed up. The ball can thereby over the table. A ball with this rotation would be on the table by rolling your way. This effect is achieved by the ball with bat at the back/top closed properly to get rid, with the bat moves forward/top (depending on the time of touching).
 * Side spins: the ball running sideways (occurs mainly at the service before, but in long rallies, we also used them). The rotational energy is when hitting the opponent's bat turned into speed to the left or right. The ball can thereby beside the table. A ball with this rotation would remain in the same spot on the table (this is often used to check if the ball exactly is round).
 * Blocks: this one actually keeps the pallet right against the getopspinde ball. If there is little topspin in the ball is, one can keep the bat quite open. But the more topspin there in the ball is, the more one the bat will have to close. Also one can bat completely silent holding at the blocks. This you call passive blocks. Is made, it is a movement forward active blocks. The ball comes back faster than your opponent.
 * In the Netherlands is fought annually since 1935 Dutch team table tennis championships, on a series of tournaments in which the best players with the Dutch nationality come true. During the year, fought with club teams in a League, whose Premier League both in men and in women the highest level. In the levels below the Premier League is a completely unconnected after season-and spring competitions. Teams of different levels compete in addition annually to the National Cup in one comprehensive tournament.
 * The European table tennis championships are held since 1958. From 2008 the EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS held annually.
 * The European top 12 table tennis tournament is the most important for European players. In addition, the European Champions League for club teams (Europe Cup I) the main tournament, followed by the ETTU Cup(European Cup II).
 * The World table tennis championships are organised annually, with the understanding that since 2000 in even-numbered years the WORLD CUP for national teams are organized and in odd years the WORLD CUP for individual table tennis players (single, double and mixed doubles). For 2000 were all disciplines at the same time during one two-yearly event finished. In 1999 (Eindhoven) and in 2011 (Rotterdam) were organised the World Championships in Netherlands.
 * The World Cup, a World Cup tournament in singles that is on the agenda annually since 1980 for men and also for women since 1996. There is a separate World Cup for national teams under the name WTC-World Team Cup. In 1990 and 1992 was there for both men and women also organized a World Doubles Cup, but that got after these two editions no sequel more.
 * The ITTF Pro Tour is an annual series of international tournaments since 1996 when the World Summit can earn points in order to qualify for the ITTF Pro Tour Grand Finals, the ' master tournament ' at the end of the season. This is then played to titles in the men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, boys only (U21) promises and promises girls only (U21). Since 2012 is called this tournament seriesITTF World Tour.
 * Where in Europe European Championships and European top 12 tournaments be played, Asian players have similar events in their own continent. These exist in the form of Asian Games (every four years, since 1958), Asian Championships (held since 1952, stable every two years since 1968) and the Asia Cup (since 1983, only a singles tournament for both men and women).
 * Flemish table tennis League (ENGLISH)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" len="163" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[9]
 * Royal Belgian table tennis Association (KBTTB)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" len="165" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[10]
 * Dutch Table Tennis Federation (NTTB)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11" len="165" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [11]
 * International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12" len="165" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[12]
 * Sporta Federation for recreational athletes (Flanders)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" len="165" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13]
 * European Table Tennis Union, the European table tennis Federation
 * International Table Tennis Federation, the world tafeltennisbond