Martina Navratilova

Martina Navratilova (Řevnice, 18 October 1956) is a Czech-American tennis player of Czechoslovakian descent. They fled in 1975 from the Communist Eastern bloc to the United States and received American citizenship in 1981.

She won 59 Grand Slam titles, including 18 in singles, 31 in the women's doubles game and 10 in the mixed doubles. A total of 331 weeks she was number one in the world, of which 14 June 1982 to 9 June 1985 was the longest continuous period (159 weeks). By her openness about her homosexuality and commitment for the rights of gays and lesbians, she is an icon of the gay movement. She is also a committed vegetarian.

Navratilova was inducted into the international Tennis Hall of Fame

In early 2008 she decided to get Czech citizenship. When this appeared In the press in reaction to the politics of president Bush would be, but on its website showed they understood that this was not the case. [1]  They currently has both the Czech and American nationality. [2]



Content
[hide] *1 Biography  ==Biography[ Edit] == Martina Navratilova (born Martina Šubertová) grew up in Řevnice, a small town South of Prague (then in Czechoslovakia). Next to the House that her mother Jana had involved after her divorce was a tennis court of gravel where Martina gained her first experience with tennis. The family also had a tennis history: her grandmother Agnes Semanska was for the Second World War a good player and her mother could have been a nice game. Her stepfather Mirek Navrátil, who in 1962 with her mother married, became her first coach. ===Youth[ Edit] === Navratilova played her first tournament when she was eight years old. They stranded in the semi-final but got the hang of it. She went at home and abroad youth tournament games and won every now and then. Her ambition to prof to be formed on her ninth after being in Prague the Australian Rod Laver (1938) had seen tennis.Her enthusiasm bond somewhat in when she noticed that elite athletes after the Prague Spring (1968) were used especially for nationalist propaganda. ===Private Life<span class="mw-editsection" len="354" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the late 1970s was Navratilova distracted by the media coverage of her relationship with the American bestselling author Rita Mae Brown (born 1944). On questions to that relationship recognized Navratilova that she falls on women, which took her many sponsor contract. Its coming out in 1980 was, at the time in America and in the world of sport is very unusual.
 * 1.1 Youth
 * 1.2 private life
 * 2 Career
 * 2.1 1980s
 * 2.2 After the end
 * 2.3 Comeback
 * 2.4 Future
 * 3 Palmares
 * 3.1 singles grand slam tournaments Won
 * 4 singles performance timeline
 * 4.1 Grand slam singles
 * 4.2 Grand slam doubles
 * 5 external links

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1991, the termination of its relationship with Judy Nelson, who had been her partner for eight years, widely reported in the media. Nelson began a lawsuit against Navratilova for alimony, which ultimately outside of the courtroom was arranged. Two years later she wrote a book in which she her relationship with Martina it did. ==Career<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">When Martina had become the number one player of Czechoslovakia, she decided in 1973 to join professional. Before that, she had to play among other games in theUnited States . The Government of Czechoslovakia, however, threatened to grant her no exit visa, constantly because they did to free-spirited ideas. That was the reason why in 1975 after the U.s. Open to return to her homeland and asylum in the United States to apply for. A month after the tournament she got a residence permit.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 10 July 1978 was Navratilova for the first time after the tournament's number one in the world to have won Wimbledon . Her performance at that time were unstable and they sometimes had trouble to keep her emotions in check, making them unnecessary matches lost. ===80 's<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Navratilova began In the early 1980s as a result of a large successful new training program focused on the development of muscle strength, endurance, technical precision and a good diet. She attained so the level of American Chris Evert (1954) that had dominated women's tennis at the end of the 1970s. There was a rivalry between the two players to the women's tennis made attractive for years. Especially due to their opposite styles of play were there. While Martina spectacular serve-volleygame showed up and noticed by its separate backhand, Evert Chris Bailey in phenomenal baseline gameexactly. The ladies played 80 times from 1973 to 1988 against each other, of which 60 finals and 14 Grand Slam finals. Absolutely unique. Navratilova won 43 times.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In August 1987 the German Steffi Graf (1969) and number one in the world for the first time that ushered in a new phase in Navrátilová's tennis career in. They had to go up against a new generation of players, which, although not her had experience, but her surpassed by their youthfulness in condition.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1994 she behind her singles career after that season still to have reached two finals: on the Rome open and at Wimbledon. They lost both finals of the Spanish Conchita Martínez (1972). In 1995 and 1996 they would still appear on a few gemengddubbeltoernooien. ===After the end<span class="mw-editsection" len="356" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the end of her tennis career remained Navrátilová in the spotlight by the publication of several books, including three crime novels in co-authored with Liz Nickles, her column in the newspaper USA Today, her role as commentator for tennis matches and collaboration in commercials. Also its commitment to the gay movement did not go unnoticed. For example, she is co-founder of the Rainbow Card: a card issuer of which ten percent of the proceeds benefit a Fund for initiatives by gay organizations. She also speaks regularly about the importance of coming out of the closet and she asks attention for equal rights for heterosexuals and gays. ===Comeback<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the spring of 2000 M. announced her return to the professional tennis circuit. Although its intention to participate in the large double tournaments was received with some scepticism, much of the public was excited that they saw the living legend back on the job. And her comeback was not unsuccessful. She reached between May 2000 and August 23 2005 finals and won 14 of them.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With doubles partner Leander Paes (1973) she had the most success: they won in both the 2003 Australian Open as Wimbledon, once again in 2004 were in the final of the Australian Open in 2005 and in the final ofRoland Garros. In the women's doubles took them along with the Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova (1985) the final of the US Open in 2004 and also that year reached the quarter finals of the Olympic Games with Lisa Raymond (1973).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Also In 2004 she made her comeback in the women's singles. On Roland Garros, she lost in the first round, but at Wimbledon , she reached the second round yet. In 2005 she won with Anna-Lena Grönefeld the doubles tournament of Toronto. Critics believe that the fact that Navratilova after her 40th still so successful in doubles, shows that the double play didn't really take it seriously is. Martina won in her career, however, 175 doubles titles.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With her last victory at Wimbledon in 2003 they equalled the record of Billie Jean King (1943) of 20 Wimbledon victories. Navratilova won 9 times in singles, 7 times the women's doubles and the mixed doubles 4 times. King won 6 times in singles, 10 times the women's doubles and the mixed doubles 4 times. Navratilova is by her long successful career holder of more records, including most singles titles won (men and women), most doubles titles, the longest continuous series of tournament wins (74), most played singles finals (227) and the oldest winner of a WTA-title (48 years and 10 months).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 9 september 2006 took Navratilova (again) farewell, and in style. She won, together with Bob Bryan, the mixed doubles at the US Open. It was her 59th Grand Slam title. ===Future<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="332" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">To new talent in the Czech Republic has the chance to develop Navratilova on an island in the Vltava River in Prague a small stadium built to train.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;">On 07 april 2010, it was announced that Navratilova was affected by breast cancer. She received chemotherapy for six weeks and according to the doctors would be the chance that they will be great. After recovery of her breast cancer together with  Jana Novotná   played Martina Navratilova in doubles for invité's on Wimbledon 2012. They defeated on 5 July 2012, 6-0, 6-2 Nathalie Tauziat and Conchita Martínez. ==Palmares<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="78" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">During her professional tennis career, Navratilova won 352 titles of which:

<p lang="en" len="44" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Including 18 Grand Slam titles in singles: ===Won grand slam tournaments singles<span class="mw-editsection" len="383" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">31 Grand Slam singles titles in the women's doubles game:
 * 167 titles in singles
 * 175 titles in the vrouwendubbel game
 * 10 titles in the mixed doubles

<p lang="en" len="45" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">10 Grand Slam titles in mixed doubles:
 * Australian Open (8): 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988 and 1989
 * Roland Garros (7): 1975, 1982, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988
 * US Open (9): 1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989 and 1990
 * Wimbledon (7): 1976, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984 and 1986

<p lang="en" len="600" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">These titles gave her in 1984 a grand slam in women's doubles, and in 2003 a super slam: titles in women's singles, women's doubles and mixed doubles at all four grand slam tournaments.
 * Australian Open (1): 2003
 * Roland Garros (2): 1974 and 1985
 * US Open (3): 1985, 1978 and 2006
 * Wimbledon (4): 1985, 1993, 1995 and 2003

<p lang="en" len="78" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.399999618530273px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">By the WTA in the course of her career she was awarded with the following awards:

==Performance Table<span class="mw-editsection" len="359" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===Grand slam singles<span class="mw-editsection" len="366" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Grand slam doubles<span class="mw-editsection" len="367" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ===
 * 7 times ' player of the year '
 * 8 times she was part of the team of the year ' women's doubles '