Republican Party (United States)

The Republican party (English: Republican Party) is one of the two main political parties of the United States. The other is the Democratic Party. The Republican Party was founded in 1854 and is the younger of the two, although she is, also called Grand Old Party (GOP) called. The mascot of the party is traditionally the elephant, which also occurs in the logo of the party.

The party had 55 million registered votersin 2004, about a third of the electorate. In the Senate, the party has a minority in the House of representatives forms the party a majority. In the course of history there have been a total of 18 Republican Governors .



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[hide] *1 History  ==History[ Edit] == The Republican party is on February 28, 1854 founded in Ripon, Wisconsin. The main reason for its creation was the planned extension of slavery in other States of America, against which the party has wanted to resist. After the American civil war was the party in power almost continuously for decades. She represented when the industrial northeast of the us, while the conservative Democrats had the upper hand in the defeated South.
 * Reagan-era 1.1
 * 1.2 majority in the Senate and in the House in 1994
 * 1.3 since 2000
 * 2 schools of thought in the party
 * 3 Republican presidents
 * 4 external link

Shortly after the American civil war the Republicans were seen as the progressive party in American politics. Examples include Presidents such as Abraham Lincoln, who, at the time, wanted to abolish slavery.

The platform of the party before the Second World War was that of protectionism (although some also were free tradeproponents sought) and isolationism. They opposed vehemently against American participation in the two world wars, and they prevented an American membership in the League of Nations. She was also sympathetic to the industrialists of the time.

The great depression and the New Dealprogram of the Democrat elected in 1932 Franklin Delano Roosevelt led to a larger role and power of the Federal Government. This created after the second world war for a split in the Republican party. The Old Right existed mostly from Republicans from the Midwest and the South and held tight to the value of the Party before the war (and were follower of Robert Taft). The more progressive party members from New England, on the other hand, could unite more and more with the New Deal. Eisenhower (elected in 1953) was a representative of this last group-later also called Rockefeller Republicans, after the fairly liberal Governor of New York and later Vice President (under Ford) Nelson Rockefeller. Eisenhower pursued a moderate foreign policy, but the cold war rapidly insisted on.

Rockefeller lost the Republican presidential nomination in 1964 to fiscal conservative Barry Goldwater, who lost the election of Democrat Lyndon b. Johnson. Goldwater was also for a more aggressive foreign policy and was pronounced anti-communist, and could count on a lot of grassroots support. Although Goldwater with large distance lost in the presidential election, the Republican party after his views were that would dominate.The party broke with the New England Rockefellers and obtained more conservative white southerners, supporters at the New Right, which was mobilized by the same grassroots-movement. ===Reagan-era[ Edit] === Ronald Reagan In 1980 was elected the new president of the United States, due to the dissatisfaction of the policies of the Democrats under Jimmy Carter. In 1984 Ronald Reagan was re-elected as president by an overwhelming majority. He got 525 of the 538 electors, and left the Democrat Walter Mondale far behind.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">According to political analysts, there were many "Reagan Democrats", a term she used for the Americans, who normally would vote on the Democratic Party, but now on Reagan voted. They voted on Reagan because of the social-conservative policy by him, as his ideas on abortion, and his fierce foreign policy. Voted In 1992 and 1996 they no more on the Republicans, making this term gradually disappeared.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">As president Reagan wanted to develop the defensive space shield SDI . The idea that the u.s. could not defend against a nuclear attack gave birth to him, and he called on Science and industry to develop a method that would enable an attack. Reagan famously in this context was: Let's defend the American people, not avenge them. The plan was a key factor in his negotiations on mutual nuclear disarmament with the then Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev, in Reykjavik (Iceland) (1986). The Russians realized that they could not answer this challenge. The Soviet Union lacked the money and technical possibilities to answer this arms race.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Further funded the us under Reagan's reign that the Mujahideen in the Afghan war against the Soviet Union fought, the Contras in Nicaragua, Jonas Savimbi's rebels in Angola and Saddam Hussein, whose Iraq was at war with Iran.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Reagan tried to pull the u.s. economy out of the doldrums by an economic policy that is called Reaganomics , supply side economics or supply-side economics, and by his later successor and party colleague, George H. W. Bush voodoo economics. The economy is stimulated by tax cuts. Who go not to the citizens (= seekers for products), but to the rich (potential investors) and companies (= suppliers of products). That would give them to invest should prompt allowing more jobs would be created and would be achieved at the same time, higher sales and profits. By the larger employment among the citizens and the higher profits of the companies there would be more tax come in, making the tax cut would recoup themselves. In addition to tax cuts, there was also aimed at low inflation (and therefore a low level of interest rates; favourable for investors) and bring down the laws and business regulations. All those measures led to a temporary rise in consumer demand, but that was not enough to offset the lower tax revenue. This in combination with the large increase in defence spending led at the end of Reagan's reign to a greatly increased budget deficit and national debt. ===Majority in the Senate and in the House in 1994<span class="mw-editsection" len="393" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === Bill Clinton with wife and daughter<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the 1992 presidential elections, which were won by the Democrat Bill Clinton, the Republicans won at the parliamentary elections of 1994. They got 230 of the total 435 seats in hands, with the 204 seats of the Democrats far behind. This victory is also known as the Republican revolution, because of the great victory of the party. It was the first time since 1952 that the party had the majority in the Senate and in the House.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the 1994 elections shifted the focus to the "Contract with America" ("Contract with America") propagated by "Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich. The Republican majority in Congress fought with Clinton on the budget. Clinton was during the 1996 elections by a wide margin re-elected at the expense of Republican candidate Bob Dole. The Republicans held their majority in Congress, but lost some seats. ===Since 2000<span class="mw-editsection" len="356" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === George W. Bush Was the most recent Republican president.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With the victory of George w. Bush in the US presidential elections in 2000 on the Democrat Albert Gore has the Republican party control of both the Presidency and the Senate and the House of representatives. The last time that was featured, was in 1952. However, the party lost its majority in June 2001, when senator James Jeffords of Vermont left the party and became an independent senator. At the presidential elections of 2000, Gore with a very narrow majority have the most votes, but because of the American electoral system could still get men behind and thus choose Bush the first president since 1888 without a majority of the electorate behind him.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the terrorist attacks of 11 september 2001, Bush got a lot of political support, when he declared the fight against terrorism, which led to the invasion of Afghanistan, the adoption of the USA PATRIOT Act. In addition, attacked a US-led Coalition in Iraq in March 2003, after many diplomatic skirmishes in the United Nations Security Council in order to get an additional resolution for an explicit consent, which did not succeed. Bush did have almost the full support of his party in the Congress, and also the support of many democratic leaders.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the mid-term elections in 2002 the Republican Party had done well, whereby those retained its majority in the House, and the majority in the Senate again obtained. The invasion of Iraq was already almost paid off. This was the first time since 1934 that a party which the president delivers, more votes WINS in mid-term elections.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 2 november 2004 Bush was re-elected as president. The Republicans again won extra seats in the House and in the Senate. Bush won the election with 286 choose men behind him, and his opponent John Kerry received 251 choose men behind. Bush got 62 million votes, and Kerry got 59 million votes.

Dennis Hastert from Illinois was the speaker of the House of representatives from 1999-2007<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In his second term Bush went many prominent conservatives on high positions places. So Condoleezza Rice became the new Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alberto Gonzales was the new Minister of Justice, John Roberts, the new Chief Judge and Ben Bernanke became the new Chairman of theFederal Reserve. He was unable to get approval for the appointment of Harriet Miers as a judge in the Supreme Court; Later Samuel Alito got enough support in the Senate, and therefore were appointed the new judge. Bush defended his Iraq policy in 2006 published in full, despite the disappointing results, arguing that the coalition troops would be on the winning side in Iraq.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In september 2005 was the American city of New Orleans hit by the heavy Hurricane Katrina. The reaction of the Bush administration, according to the American people was far too slow, making the head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency later.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In november 2005, became the Mayor of New York Michael Bloomberg re-elected, with which the Mayor of New York for the fourth time in a row was occupied by a Republican, while New York City is traditionally a Democratic stronghold. In California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger suffered a defeat in a referendum on a proposal that should have put him in State laws that the Democrats had blocked in the Parliament of California, by pressing.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The party was also affected in 2006 by several scandals in which Republican politicians played a role. So were Tom DeLay, Duke Cunningham, Mark Foley, and Bob Ney involved in various scandals, which were blown up by the Democrats. At the legislative elections of 2006 the party lost its majority in both the House and the Senate. The loss was partly caused by the low popularity of president Bush, the discontent about the war in Iraq and the many scandals.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the elections the Republicans chose John Boehner as the new leader in the House of representatives. In the Senate, the senator Mitch McConnell from Kentucky chosen as the new leader. The new Senate came In January 2007 and the new home together.

<p lang="en" len="1486" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On november 4, 2008 Republican presidential candidate John McCain lost the battle for the White House by the Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama is the successor of George w. Bush as President of the United States ==Currents in the party<span class="mw-editsection" len="369" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Today's Republican party is not a homogeneous unit, but consists of various ideological factions. The conservative factions now have the upper hand, although there are also groups are liberal Republicans. In the past, it was just the other way round: in the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century was the progressive Republican Party and had her most following in the industrialized Northern States, while the Democratic Party its supporters was made among the inhabitants of the southern States.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Although contemporary members of the so called. Old Right, the 'paleoconservatieven', often have broken with the Republicans, their supporters within the Republican ranks remained significant. The American neoconservatism is intellectually akin to the New Right, but attaches more value to the welfare State -the neoconservatism was more a countermovement consisting of Social Democrats, who were dissatisfied with the ' nihilist ' New Left. The Rockefeller Republicans are now appointed as moderate Republicans, to stand out from their counterparts within the liberal Democratic Party.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Conservatives

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Moderates and Liberals
 * Religious Right (Religious right): a dominant faction within the Republican party that many followers counts among professing Chris toes by Orthodox and conservative signature. Formerly belonged there especially Evangelical Protestant and orthodox Christians to Religious Rightfaction, but nowadays we find there are also Roman Catholics and followers of the Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the last days to. Previously, Roman Catholics especially active within the Democratic Party<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" len="191" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" len="191" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2], but because the advocates of abortion within the Democratic Party now have the upper hand, a number of Roman Catholics to the Republican Party passed<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" len="191" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3] . Religious Right is against abortion, gay marriage and embryonic stem cell research. In some States endeavor trailer (sometimes successful) education to stop about the evolution and replace it with education based on a very literal interpretation of the Bible. While ex-president George w. Bush mostly with Religious Right is associated is he rather a socially conservative.
 * Social Conservatives (Social conservatives): Is the most important faction within the Republican party. The social conservatives see it as task to improve the public morals and believe in a traditional division of roles.In addition, they are very much in favour of a strong army and checked against gun ownership. The social conservatives believe in strict observance of the law and are against drug use and possession. They are opposite the Libertarian Conservatives. President George w. Bush is the most important representative of the social conservatives. Also Ronald Reagan, Jack Kemp and Sarah Palin are part of the Social conservatives.
 * Fiscal Conservatives (fiscal conservatives): his opponents of excessive government spending and high taxes, proponents of paying off the national debt and a free market. Many Fiscal Conservatives come from the industrialized northeast of America and are active in business. On ethical area they are related to the social conservatives. An important representative of this movement is the running mate of presidential candidateMitt Romney in 2012, Paul Ryan.
 * Paleoconservatives (Paleoconservatieven): a small, not so influential faction. Many of the paleoconservatieven are in favour of isolatisme and want to minimize that America deals with foreign countries. Ethical they are socially conservative.
 * The Neoconservatives (Neo-conservatives): its right in favour of an active foreign policy and strong supporter of the war in Iraq. Of the United Nations should they know nothing. Paul Wolfowitz, a former Democrat, is usually considered to this group. The neo-conservatives within the Republican party were Socialists in their younger years of right-wing signature. Ex-Vice President Dick Cheney also belongs to the neoconservatives.
 * Libertarian Conservatives (Libertarian Conservatives): a small but still relatively influential faction within the Republican party. The Libertarian Conservatives are opposed to large government influence in their eyes, in favour of a strict separation of Church and State and uncontrolled gun ownership. Drug possession and use, which is rejected by most Republican factions, the Libertarian Conservatives regarded as a private matter and so not rejected. Furthermore, this flow opponent of an overly emphatic role of the us in world politics. Ron Paul is the figurehead of the current generation of Libertarians.
 * Federalists (Federalists): usually called States ' Right Republicans . They are in favour of a small Federal Government and in favour of the rights of the States. Very influential are the federalists, but they are the most original Republicans.

==Republican presidents<span class="mw-editsection" len="371" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==
 * Moderates (Moderates): The Moderates want a reform of the welfare State, rights for homosexuals, less strict approach to illegal immigrants, controlled gun ownership, government money for education and for abortion. The former New York Mayor and presidential candidate, Rudy Giuliani, belongs to the Moderates. The Moderates are active in the northeast (New York, etc.) and in areas were the Democrats traditionally dominate. In addition to Giuliani is also the former Governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger to the Moderates group. The former presidential candidate and Mormon Mitt Romney is part of this group.
 * Liberal Republicans (liberal Republicans): in the past they were Rockefeller Republicans (Rockefeller Republicans), after the former Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. The Liberals are in favour of a social policy and support large government projects (especially in the 1930s during the New Deal). Ethical they are conservative. Richard Nixon, Michael Bloomberg and Thomas e. Dewey belong or belonged to the Liberal Republicans.
 * 1) Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865)
 * 2) Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877)
 * 3) Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881)
 * 4) James A. Garfield (1881)
 * 5) Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885)
 * 6) Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893)
 * 7) William McKinley (1897-1901)
 * 8) Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)
 * 9) William H. Taft (1909-1913)
 * 10) Warren G. Harding (1921-1923)
 * 11) Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929)
 * 12) Herbert C. Hoover (1929-1933)
 * 13) Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)
 * 14) Richard M. Nixon (1969-1974)
 * 15) Gerald R. Ford (1974-1977)
 * 16) Ronald W. Reagan (1981-1989)
 * 17) George H. W. Bush (1989-1993)
 * 18) George W. Bush (2001-2009)