The Guns of Navarone

The Guns of Navarone is a 1961 British action film set during World War II. It is a film adaptation of the novel by Alistair MacLean. The film is about a group of American and British elite soldiers that two German cannons to make harmless.

The film was a success at the movies and spent 28.9 million.[1]  he was awarded a Golden Globe for the best film.



Content
[hide] *1 Story  ==Story[ Edit] == Several thousand British soldiers are stuck on the island of Leros. They have no more food and supplies and it is only a matter of time before they will be killed or imprisoned by the Germans. Their only hope lies with a rescue mission from the sea. The British Navy is determined to rescue the soldiers of the island. The problem is that they are by a narrow Strait near the island of Navarone must pass. On Navarone are two German radar guided super cannons. The accuracy of the guns is so great that no ship can pass through the Strait or fire the cannons in time can itself on and off. The cannons are located in a cave in a mountain with an overhanging rocky outcrop, so it also is impossible the theorem to bomb with airplanes. The secret service thinks up a plan: a group of saboteurs is made to blow up the guns within six days. ===The team[ Edit] === The group consists of the following persons:
 * 1.1 the team
 * 2 Story
 * 3 Cast
 * 4 Production
 * 4.1 Scenario
 * 4.2 Actors
 * 4.3 Locations
 * 4.4 Recordings
 * 5 Historical inconsistencies
 * 6 Prices
 * 7 Continued
 * 8 external link

==Story[ Edit] == Read warning: text below contains details about the content and/or the end of the story.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The film begins with the arrival of Mallory at the headquarters. He shall be informed about the upcoming mission and is presented to the team. The team disguises himself as Greek fishermen and cruise on a fishing boat in the Aegean Sea on the way to Navarone. En route, they are intercepted by a German E-boat. On the sign of Mallory firing them on the Germans and Miller blows the the boat E-boat en in a heavy storm. The team sails between the rocks to the mountainside that they must climb.A great wave destroyed the boat and they get medical and food supplies lost.
 * Captain Keith Mallory (played by Gregory Peck)-Mallory is an excellent Mountaineer and speaks fluent Greek and German.
 * Col. Andrea Stavros (played by Anthony Quinn)-Stavros is Colonel from the Greek army. He is an excellent soldier and is ready for anything. He has good hearing and powers of observation.
 * Major Roy "Lucky" Franklin (played by Anthony Quayle)-A British major who in charge of the team.
 * Dusty Miller (played by David Niven), a British professor of chemistry and explosives expert of the team
 * Spiro Pappadimos (played by James Darren)-a born killer. His father is the contact and leader of the resistance on Navarone.
 * "Butcher of Barcelona" Brown (played by Stanley Baker)-A messenevechter and the technical specialist of the team.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the storm mountain climbing Mallory and Stavros. They know the German guard to overpower and throw off the cliff. The rest climbs to above. Franklin meets at val and breaks his leg. The team makes a makeshift stretcher and Mallory takes charge of Franklin about. Franklin later tries to commit suicide so as not to burden the team. Mallory prevents and tells him that the British plan to blow up the cannons have given up and a massive landing on the East side of the island will start executing.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The team then comes in contact with Anna Spiro's sister Maria and the resistance of Navarone. Maria tells that her father is arrested by the Germans. The team will depart in the direction of the village of Mandrakos. Along the way, they are attacked by Stuka's but they know in a tunnel to flee. They discover that at Franklins leg fracture gangrene originated, and decide to bring Franklin to a doctor in the village. In the village are all picked up by the Germans after which they will be brought to the German headquarters in Mandrakos. By a list of Stavros know they overpower the Germans and to steal their uniforms. Mallory decides to leave Franklin. This to displeasure of Miller. They know with a truck to escape from the headquarters.

<p lang="en" len="419" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Germans give Franklin truth serum scopolamine and Franklin gives their "information" about the upcoming invasion and exactly as Mallory had hoped the Germans their artillery and men places on the side where the "invasion" will take place.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The team is preparing for the destruction of the guns, as Miller comes and tells that there is a traitor in their midst, because the explosives are destroyed. He finds out that Anna is the betrayal. She tells that she is forced by the Germans after they been tortured horribly. Miller and Mallory arguing over the fate of Anna but Maria shoots her death for her betrayal.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The team splits itself into thirds. Miller and Mallory go the guns blow up, Spiro and Stavros will as diversionary tactic rioting in the city, and Maria and Brown go steal a boat. Miller and Mallory know to penetrate to the zwaarverdedigde fort where guns are lined up. They close the large access doors to the cave where they run an alarm. Miller places the explosives next to the guns, and also places one more explosive in the access elevator, that will go off when the elevator come down. The Germans break through the access door back and come in the cave. Miller and Mallory jump into the sea and although Miller cannot swim he knows with help of Mallory on board the boat to come. There they discover that Brown is knifed to death by the German sailor who was still on board. Mallory picks Stavros from the water because it was injured and has trouble swimming. He tells that Spiro has been killed. They sail to the British destroyers that are coming.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Germans successfully remove the explosives of the guns and discover the upcoming destroyers. They fire the guns to hit the front and know almost ship. The ship swings to the right and firing the guns once again. Once again miss the Germans just the ship. If the Germans want to firing for the third time explodes the charge in the elevator where the complete cave area. The guns fall through the explosions in sea.Franklin is located in a German hospital and smiles when he sees that the guns are destroyed.

<p lang="en" len="164" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Mallory and Miller go aboard a destroyer and Stavros tells which he co-wrote with Maria (on whom he fell in love with is) will return to Navarone. ==Division Of Roles<span class="mw-editsection" len="339" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==Production<span class="mw-editsection" len="336" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===Scenario<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Producer Carl Foreman also wrote the screenplay for the film. Foreman was an American and was in the u.s. on the so-called black list for alleged Communist sympathies. Because he was in America by the movie studios was boycotted was Foreman fled to England. The scenario of Foreman week on important points from the book by Alistair MacLean. For example, In the book Major Roy Franklin not for; in the film, he is the leader of the expedition instead of Keith Mallory. The Mallory in the book is a mountaineer from New Zealand, while in the film left in the middle is the nationality of Mallory. Gregory Peck (who played the role of Mallory, refused to talk with an English accent.<sup class="noprint nopopups" len="312" style="line-height:1;"> [source?] ) Dusty Miller, the American explosives expert, is in the scenario become a British chemistry professor, while the mild Scottish communication expert Casey Brown was transformed into ' butcher ' Brown, a bloodthirsty knives tractor. The character Lieutenant Stevens, a fellow Mountaineer of Mallory, even completely disappeared. His role was taken by Roy Franklin.
 * Gregory Peck: Keith Mallory
 * David Niven: Dusty Miller
 * Anthony Quinn: Andrea Stavros
 * Stanley Baker: ' Butcher ' Brown
 * Anthony Quayle: Roy Franklin
 * James Darren: Spyros Pappadimos
 * Irene Papas: Maria Pappadimos
 * Gia Scala: Anna
 * George Kundan Kumar: Hauptsturmführer Sessler
 * Walter Gotell: Oberleutnant Muesel

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Other changes concerned the plot. Maclean's books are known that there is no sex or romance in occurs. Also lack the female roles often. The writer found that all those ' romantic nonsense ' the rhythm from his stories took out. Foreman, however, had to take into account the female moviegoer and introduced two female roles: Maria and Anna, and a romance (between Andrea and Maria). The character of the traitor was also changed and supervised by Anna. The scenario was regularly changed and Gregory Peck on his nerves so often that it began to work. One day he walked to Foreman and gave his own condensed version of the scenario:


 * "David Niven actually likes of Anthony Quayle and Gregory Peck of Anthony Quinn. Quayle breaks his leg and goes to the hospital. Quinn falls in love with Irene Papas and Niven and Peck get each other of goings on and live happily ever after ".

<p lang="en" len="29" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Foreman could there be to laugh. ===Actors<span class="mw-editsection" len="334" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After the completion of the scenario put Foreman itself to the task of finding the right actors. The role of Andrea Stavros went to Anthony Quinn, the first choice of producer. Also the selection of Anthony Quayle for the role of Major Roy Franklin posed no problem. Quayle was a former officer of the British SOEin Albania, and had acted as liaison officer between the Albanian resistance and the British secret service.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There were more problems with the role of Mallory. Rock Hudson was considered but fell off. Cary Grant also was an option but Foreman found him with his 56 years too old. William Holden asked $ 750,000 and 10% of the profit, after which Foreman dropped him and Gregory Peck chose the role.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The role of Miller also gave problems. Kenneth More was initially chosen. But More offended the head of the Rank Studios, John Davis, during a BAFTA dinner and was fired. Dean Martin and Alec Guinness were in the running, until David Niven got the role. Niven was actually too old for the role and he felt very uncomfortable in the role of a corporal. Eventually he found his portrayal of Miller one of his best roles.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The role of ' Butcher ' Brown, a small role, went to Stanley Baker, one of the most popular British film stars from that time. Baker would have liked to have played the role of Mallory, but took pleasure in the small role of Brown because he love in the film wanted to play along. Because Baker could not get along with rest of the actors gave rise to the rumor that he was jealous of Gregory Peck that with the lead role went out.

<p lang="en" len="427" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The role of Spyros Pappadimos went to another Idol of the late 1950s: James Darren wanted with his role in a war film away from his image as a teen idol. ===Locations<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Despite the fact that both in the book and in the film it is suggested that The Guns of Navarone is based on true facts, not the island of Navarone exists. Also there were no big radargestuurde guns on the Greek Islands. MacLean relied on the Dodecanese campaign in the Aegean Sea in 1943, when the British Navy was working with the reconquest of the Greek Islands. The battle of Leros was a model for the bailout of the embedded British armed forces.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Because Navarone did not exist was diverted to the Greek island of Rhodes. Other scenes were recorded on the islands of Gozo, near Malta and Palmaria, Tinoat. Anthony Quinn was so impressed with Rhodes that he purchased at a Bay country. ===Recordings<span class="mw-editsection" len="334" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The film began under a bad star. Director Alexander Mackendrick was after several disagreements with Carl Foreman fired and replaced by j. Lee Thompson. Also the stars of the film initially appeared to be in conflict with each other. In the beginning there were tensions between Gregory Peck and Quinn, but that quickly disappeared when the two went during recording breaks chess. Anthony Quinn had the reputation of being a difficult actor to work with, but the shooting took place after the initial struggles with no problems.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Real problems arose when David Niven became seriously ill during the filming. He had hours in a puddle water located and was hypothermic hit. He had to be rushed to the hospital and poised on the verge of death. During the weeks of his illness, the Director made a variety of recordings for the scene in the cave, where Miller and Mallory go blow up the guns. Because Niven had a large share in here, some scenes could not be completed. When it looked like Niven would death was even considered the project to stop or Niven replacing it with another actor. The latter would mean that all recordings that were all made with Niven had to be redone. Niven, however, could be recovered in time and acquire.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The film had a budget of six million dollars and was thus one of the most expensive movies ever made (in 1961). Still used the special-effects Department many simple solutions. For the recordings in the ' chimney '-the vertical corridor in the rock face-painted canvas on the floor was a explained. The actor ' climbing ' so basically ' up ' on the floor of the studio.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Foreman was also creative in getting extras. A number of members of the Greek Royal family who stopped by to say hello on the set was with their result used as extras in the café scene. Through his contacts with the family could Foreman have twelve destroyers of the Hellenic Navy and one thousand infantrymen from the army as extras. Also didn't shrink the producer not to various recordings several times in the movie.Thus, the café scene where the waiter serves two people at a table to see again some time later. Also the close-up shot of the dancing bride is to see again later. ==Historical inconsistencies<span class="mw-editsection" len="355" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Many movies that play in the Second World War suffer from the fact that few original vehicles have survived the war. Especially German vehicles fell victim to the demolition hammer. In the 1960s and 1970s, names the producers for that reason settle for American or British material. For example, if Mallory in the beginning scenes of the movie to a plane crash looks, is right to see a Dodge pick-up truck from 1960. The name Dodge resurfaces as the team of Mallory after their trip on the cliffs flee with stolen German trucks. On the back of the ' German ' mentioned the name Dodge vehicles. Virtually all German vehicles that are used in the film are in reality Dodge trucks and called the T125 T124-and-series. These trucks were used in World War II but not to German side. This also applies to the tanks. American M24 Chaffeetanks pose as German tanks. The Chaffee was only at the end of the second World War (1944) and certainly not in 1943. Also the American M8 Greyhoundarmoured car, for a German vehicle must continue.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Also on the water there was apparently not much original available. A British HDML (Harbour Defence Motor Launch) for example, if the German Schnellboot posed that the ship of Mallory and his men persists. Not even the British escaped to the American influence. Most of the "British" destroyers that at the beginning of the film are American ships that were sold to the Greek Navy.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In addition, there are quite a few inaccuracies relating to the German army. A German officer is armed with the British Sten instead of the infamous German MP38/40. We also see German pioneers the big guns on explosives check with a my detector. This unit responds to metal.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The team is regularly faced with the SS. Hauptsturmführer Sessler of the SS is regularly addressed as Hauptmann. However, the rank of Hauptmann is a captain in the German Wehrmacht. An SSHauptsturmführercaptain was addressed with. Sessler carries the wrong distinguishing signs. A Hauptsturmführer had three silver dots above four white streaks on his collar, Sessler has only two white stripes under the dots. These insignia were worn by officers with the rank of Obersturmführer, a first lieutenant. Another error is that the German Eagle not on his left sleeve is printed. This differentiated the SS of the Wehrmacht.The Wehrmacht also had a different way of marching than in the film. Now it looks like a British detachment comes aanmarcheren at a rapid marching pace with swinging arms. The language used by the Germans in the film is often a kind of steenkolenduits. ==Prices<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==Sequel<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1968 Alistair MacLean wrote a sequel to The Guns of Navarone under the title Force 10 from Navarone. This book was also made into a film In 1978, this time by Guy Hamilton with Robert Shaw as Mallory andEdward Fox as Miller. Harrison Ford played an American officer. The film flopped in the cinemas.
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama
 * Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score-Motion Picture (Dimitri Tiomkin)
 * Academy Award Best Effects, Special Effects (Bill Warrington & Chris Greenham)