James IV of Scotland

James IV (Stirling Castle, 17 March 1473 – Flodden (Northumberland), 9 september 1513) was King of Scotland from 1488 to 1513. He was the son of James III and Margaret of Denmark (1456-1486). ==Government[ Edit] == The Government of James IV is characterized by relative calm in Scotland. He established a powerful Royal authority and expanded greatly from the Scottish fleet. As a protector of the art and the Science he turned out a typical renaissance-frost. He was very developed and it was said that he spoke ten languages fluently: English, Scots,Gaelic (he was the last King who spoke this language fluently!), Latin, French, German, Italian, Flemish, Spanish and Danish. During his reign went Scotland in Europe for the first time count.

In 1502 he concluded a peace treaty with the English King Henry VII (the first treaty between Scotland and England since 1328) and married his daughter Margaret Tudor.By this marriage could have been great-grandson James VI in 1603 ascending the English throne. ==Battle of Flodden[ Edit] == As a result of the war of the League of Cambrai, part of the Italian wars, France in 1513 England fell within. Also against Scotland had the new King of England Henry VIIIadopted a somewhat hostile attitude, because of the rising power of Scotland. James was looking for therefore support for Louis XII of France and England with a large army fell within. In the battle of Flodden the Scots were damning reports. James was killed, the nobility was decimated and between 10,000 and 30,000 Scottish soldiers were killed (in front of 1500 to 4000 English). ==Marriage and children[ Edit] == On 8 August 1503 James married Margaret Tudor (1489 - 1541). They had five children of whom only one survived childhood:

James also had seven children at different mistresses:
 * Jacobus ( February 21, Holyrood, Stirling Castle, 1507 – 27 February 1508), Duke of Rothesay
 * a daughter (b. and d. 15 July 1508)
 * Arthur ( 20 October 1509, Holyrood – Edinburgh, 14 July 1510), Duke of Rothesay
 * James V
 * Alexander (Stirling Castle, 30 april 1514 – d. Dresden, 18 december 1515), Duke of Ross


 * with Janet Kennedy
 * James Stuart (ca 1499 – 12 april Darnaway, 1544), Earl of Moray, married Elizabeth Campbell in 1529 († 1548)
 * a son († young)
 * a daughter († young)
 * at Marion Boyd († 1559)
 * Alexander Stuart (1493 – battle of Flodden field, 9 september 1513), Archbishop of St. Andrews.
 * Catherine Stewart, married with James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton
 * at Margaret Drummond (1475 – 1502)
 * Margaret Stuart (born 1497), married for the first time in 1512 with John Gordon (1480 – 1517), for the second time in 1531 with John Drummond.
 * at Isabel Buchan (1488 - 1557)
 * Jane Stuart (ca 1508 – 1563), married in 1524 with Malcolm Fleming (1494 – 1547). She was a mistress of Henry II of France.