History of Denmark

Denmark was of the 9th century to the 11th century (the period of the Vikings) a great power, with Jutland, Sjælland, and the southern part of present-day Sweden as a base. In the early 11th century King Canute I, King of Denmark and England for 19 years, and in addition a short time King of Norway.



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[hide] *1 middle ages  ==Middle Ages[ Edit] == The Union of KalmarThe Vikings had the country brought into contact with the Christianity. King Cnut the great beneficiary the clergy. The Church soon became a dominant factor in addition to the King. At the end of the 13th century was the King in a weak position. King Erik V was forced by the nobility to sign the so-called håndfæstning (Charter) (1281), which can be seen as the first Constitution of Denmark. The fight between King and nobility was continued in the 14th century, with Christoffer II in 1320 again large concessions to nobility and clergy had to do. The weakening of the kingship eventually led to a deep political-military crisis, in which the German count Gerard III of Holstein managed to bring under his authority the Danish Duchy of Schleswig.
 * 2 new time
 * 3 to a constitutional monarchy
 * golden age 4
 * 5 Conflict with Prussia
 * 20th century 6
 * Denmark and England 7

Queen Margaret I brought to the Kalmar Union (1397), whereby Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland under the Danish King House United were. ==New time[ Edit] == Sweden and Finland left the Union in 1520 after a fierce rebellion against the tyrannical reign of the Danish King Christian II, which rebellion led by the Gustav VasaSwedish nobleman. However, the Union left Norway in 1814, when it was as a result of the Alliance that the Danes had had with Napoleon, was transferred to Sweden . Iceland got apersonal Union with the Danish King in 1918. The country became fully independent only in 1944 .

The Reformation was introduced in Denmark in 1536 ; the country was Luther's.

Denmark and Sweden In the 17th century have waged war with each other repeatedly about the supremacy in Northern Europe. In the war of 1655-1658 Denmark lost the so called. Skåneland (Skåne, Halland andBlekinge, old Danish areas where Danish was spoken), to Sweden. Attempts by Danish side to retake this area, failed. ==To a constitutional monarchy[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Frederick VII of Denmark.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Danish Liberal movement became very active in the years 1830 and during the reign of Frederick VII in 1849 Denmark became a constitutional monarchy.

<p lang="en" len="252" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Attempts to partly Danish, partly German-language to unite more closely with Denmark, Schleswig in 1849 led to a rebellion of the German population in Schleswig-Holstein, which-after initial successes by the Danish army was suppressed.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1864 Denmark lost a war against Prussiaand Austria, speaking on behalf of the German Confederation attacked Denmark because of the alleged suppression of the German population group in Schleswig-Holstein, an area that was ruled by the Danish King. As a result of this war Denmark had to cede the whole Schleswig-Holstein to the Germans, including the largely Danish-speaking North of Schleswig, Denmark again in 1919 that pas would be returned. ==Golden age<span class="mw-editsection" len="345" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The first half of the 19th century is considered the Danish "golden age". The sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen, the fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen and the theologian and philosopherSøren Kierkegaard acquired European fame. ==Conflict with Prussia<span class="mw-editsection" len="354" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="1287" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1864 Denmark was at war with Prussia and Austria, and despite fierce resistance led by the wife of the King, Countess Danner, Denmark was forced Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia and to henceforth strictly to remain neutral (peace of Vienna). ==20th century<span class="mw-editsection" len="342" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">At the end of the 19th century Denmark carried out far-reaching social reforms, which have laid the basis for the current welfare state. In the first world war Denmark remained neutral.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Also in the Second World War (under King Christian X) Denmark attempted to remain neutral. It closed a Nonaggression Pact with nazi Germany, but still fell within the German Army (operation Weserübung) on 9 april1940. The purpose of Hitler was to be admitted to take part in Norway and that path ran across Denmark. There were small fights in North Schleswig and some airports were bombarded. The Danish Government capitulated the same day.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Denmark remained occupied until 5 may 1945. This occupation was unique in that the circumstances during the occupation in the beginning were very mild (the Communist Party was outlawed when Germany invaded the Soviet Union). The new coalition Government tried to protect the population nazi domination by compromise. The Folketing remained in function, the police remained under Danish control and the authorities of nazi Germany did not come in direct contact with the population. Later, however, more and more the German demands were unacceptable to the Danish Government and they took thereby dismissal in 1943 and nazi Germany took full control over. Then came an armed resistance movement against the occupying forces. At the end of the war Denmark was increasingly difficult to control, but the country was only released when the allies arrived, on 5 may 1945.

<p lang="en" len="432" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Also noteworthy was the move by most Danish Jews to Sweden in 1943 when the Germans threatened with deportation.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1949 Denmark was one of the founding members of the NATO. It was also a member of the United Nations and the European Union. ==Denmark and England<span class="mw-editsection" len="356" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Danes also played a significant role in the history of England. The Jutes pulled along with the Angles and Saxons from the 5th century that country. Jutes (from current Jutland) settled in the South, mainly in Kent. A period from the Anglo-saxon time is also known as the Danelaw, in which Danish Kings had the upper hand.

<p lang="en" len="426" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">William Shakespeare dedicated his great pieces to Hamlet, Prince of Denmark.