Buddhism in India

The Buddhism in India arose when Gautama Buddha around the year [http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=nl&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F530_v.Chr. 530 BC] had reached the State of enlightenment and understanding had gained of the four noble truths.Buddhism spread over Asia, while on the birth continent between the 10th and the 13th century almost completely disappeared as a result of the entry of the bloom of the islamand Hinduism. From the 18th century Buddhism only limited again.



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[hide] *1 Gautama Buddha  ==Gautama Buddha[ Edit] == A statue of Gautama BuddhaBuddhism arose when Gautama Buddha, also known as the Buddha, around the year [http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=nl&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F530_v.Chr. 530 BC] had reached the State of enlightenment and understanding had gained of the four noble truths. [1]
 * 2 History
 * 2.1 Bloom
 * 2.2 Due
 * Councils 3
 * 4 Buddhist universities
 * 5 Contemporary Buddhism
 * 6 further reading

Initially followed a period of silence, because he knew not to transfer its experience in words. However, he was encouraged to do so and devoted himself then a time to the account of his experiences. He then travelled to his teachings about the rest of his life to contribute to an ever-growing group of followers. [1] ==History[ Edit] == The Mahabodhitempel in Bodhgaya(Bihar) stands on the spot whereGautama Buddha attained the lighting Since the emergence of Buddhism, the religion evolved in more and more currents. In India held this development in fact on during the decay from the 10th century until the 13th century almost entirely of Buddhism in India was gone. [1] ===Bloom<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Some decades after the physical death (parinibbana) of the Buddha, his teaching was interpreted in different ways whereby the first different currents in the Buddhism arose.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-3" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The years of ca. 150 BC to 100 ad stood in the sign of the development of the mahayana. The emergence of this school delivered some important texts on early 21st century that still matter, such as the Lotus Sutra, Diamond Sutra and the Heart Sutra.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BT-hist2_2-0" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2]  the first century of our era was marked by the rise of themadhyamaka and yogacara.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-4" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">From the 3rd century ad there arose a new Buddhist Tantras, which flow from the from the 7th century was introduced in Tibet. This flow is a measure for the Tibetan Buddhism.The Tantric Buddhism is also called the vajrayana or mantrayana called.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BT-hist2_2-1" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2] ===Expiration<span class="mw-editsection" len="332" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The growth of the Hinduism, the decline in the number of Buddhist universities and the Islamic invasions in the Northwest from the 10th century, the birthplace Buddhism in India are in a downward spiral.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BT-hist2_2-2" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2]  the result was that Buddhism in the 13th century was almost completely gone. The expansion of Buddhism in other regions in Asia took the contrary, a great escape.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-5" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Buddhism remained after the 13th century alone still exist in two independent Himalayan States Bhutan and Sikkim, at some tribes in the Northeast and on the island of Sri Lanka for the southeast coast of India.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BT-hist2_2-3" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2] ==Councils<span class="mw-editsection" len="335" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Mahakasyapa<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the first centuries of the Indian Buddhism found there a Council place four times. There is doubt whether this literally in all cases to councils or synods or that there had been local meetings of monks.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-6" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]


 * Council in Rajagriha (543 BC.)
 * This was shortly after the parinibbana of Gautama Buddha organized by Mahakasyapa and is described in the Vinayapitaka. The Council was visited by around 500 monks.The occasion was that had observed that there was Mahakasyapa deviated from the original teachings of the Buddha.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-7" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Piya_Tan_2005_B.i.I._3-0" len="192" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3]


 * Council in Vaishali (ca. 350 BC.)
 * The Council was convened because disagreement was about to follow the discipline. For example, it went on events that were inconsistent with the vinaya as the adoption of gold and silver by laymen, times of eating food, consuming alcohol and the celebration of the Uposatha without lay people were invited.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-8" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Piya_Tan_2005_B.i.I._3-1" len="192" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3]


 * Council during Asoka the great
 * This Council is not recognized by the Pali-flow in Sri Lanka. The reason for convening this Council was located in the difference of opinion about the nature of the arhat. At the end of this Council were the followers still divided into two camps.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-9" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BT-hist2_2-4" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]


 * Council in Kashmir
 * About this Council its original writings contradict each other. It would be a General Council that would be declared by Emperor Kanishka or by the sarvastivada's. In the latter case, would it not be a Council concerning. This Council was dominated by the interpretation of a part of the Abhidhamma.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-LexBoed59-60.2C_88-90.2C_313.2C_333_1-10" len="207" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [1]

==Buddhist universities<span class="mw-editsection" len="355" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Ruins of Nalanda<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">One of the most famous Buddhist Nalandauniversities, was historic. There is the presumption that the University was built by the Kushanas. If that is the case, it would mean that it is the one of the oldest and longest existing has been higher education institutes in the world.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Piya_Tan_2005_B.i.I._3-2" len="192" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [3]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Buddhist education Nalanda continued until the year 1197, when the Islamic armies destroy the Institute. Nalanda was under administration of the Gupta's and knew its greatest extent between the 8th and 12th century, during the reign of the Pala.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Piya_Tan_2005_B.i.I._3-3" len="192" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [3]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">However, there were many more Buddhist universities in India. For example, In Western India, this was the Valabhi, which was the largest of its kind on Nalanda after. During the reign of the Pala came here, as other large institutes at Uddandapura, Vikramasila, Jagaddala, Somapuri, Vajrasana and Trikatuka. In Nalanda, Vikramasila Uddandapura were present from multiple Buddhist monks and currents. ==Contemporary Buddhism<span class="mw-editsection" len="347" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == McLeod Ganj, seat of the dalai lama and Tibetan Buddhist institutes<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The revival of the Indian Buddhism began at the beginning of the 19th century, when Western scientists texts from the Pali, Sanskrit andTibetan began to translate into their own language, in order to be able to study the Indian Buddhism. Among them were James Prinsepwho in 1837 the script on the Ashoka-stone decoded and Alexander Cunningham which started to the translation of the travel guide ofXuanzang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NK_Singh_4-0" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [4]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 1891 Anagarika Dharmapala founded the Sri Lankan monk the Maha Bodhi Society in Bodhgaya, the place where the Buddha had attained enlightenment two and a half millennium earlier. During the decades that followed developed again the study of Buddhism among both scientists and followers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NK_Singh_4-1" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [4]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">A parallel revival of Buddhism followed in the wake of the Tibetan diaspora in which an estimated 100,000 Tibetan refugees came to India since 1950 and especially since theTibetan uprising of 1959.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Piya_Tan_2005_B.i.I._3-4" len="192" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [3]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">For various reasons it is expected that it is going to be a lasting return of Buddhism in India. For example, result in the emergence of Buddhist songs, an ongoing translation of texts, the establishment of Buddhist centers and Buddhist pilgrimages undertaken.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NK_Singh_4-2" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [4]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With a share of 0.7% (2001) is the early 21st century, although a small religion Buddhism, but it still has more than 8 million followers. India is also in the top 20 in terms of the number of Buddhists by country.