Marathon (sport)

The marathon is a race over a distance of 42.195 km.



Content
[hide] *1 history of the marathon  ==History of the marathon[ Edit] == The origin of the marathon lies in the year [http://www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=nl&to=en&a=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F490_v.Chr. 490 BC], when the Greek soldier Pheidippides from Marathon to Athens would be zipped to the news of the victory of the Athenians (led by General Miltiades) on the numerically much stronger Persians to report. That happened when King Darius was over the Medes and the Persians. Pheidippides however, explained the distance between Athens and Sparta off to request help from the Spartans. When it refused, ran the Messenger back to Athens and in a jerk toMarathon. He ran to the final victory back to Athens.
 * 2 competitions and runners
 * 2.1 Major marathons
 * 2.2 Marathons in Netherlands (topical)
 * 2.3 Marathons in Belgium (topical)
 * 2.4 Marathons in Netherlands (former)
 * 2.5 successful runners
 * 2.5.1 Men
 * 2.5.2 Women
 * 3 Records
 * 3.1 Athletes under 2 hours 5 minutes
 * 3.2 world record development
 * 3.2.1 Men
 * 3.2.2 Women
 * 4 other meanings
 * 5 see also

History records that this latest tour, from Marathon to Athens (first marathon) a fatality had: after the release of the words "rejoice, we have won!" in the center of Athens, the Messenger fell down dead; He turned out to be having contracted a heat stroke . About the truth of this story remains to argue, a number of historians claims that this marathon is never run.

At the end of 19th century was formed under the leadership of Pierre de Coubertin, the Olympic movementthat aspired to the introduction of a grand international sports event, which also had to apply as a tribute to the classical ideals, which in ancient Greece were assumed. To enhance this one figured out the introduction of parts, which the memory it had to express: the discus throw and the marathon course: a road race over a long distance, which was considered as the limit of the human can and in which especially the endurance of the participants to the test would be greatly appreciated.

The French philologist Michel Bréal suggested for that reason in the 1896 marathon course in the program of the first modern Olympic Games record. Those games were held in Greece.

The official distance of the marathon as it applies to the present day, was first held at the fourth Olympic Games, that of 1908 in London. When the original distance of 25 miles was extended to 26 miles, this for purely organizational reasons as a result of a request from the British Royal family. The distance came somewhat similar to those of the first Greek marathon: 42 km and 195 metres, the distance between the start on site for Windsor Castle to the finish line which exactly for the Royal Gallery at the White City Stadium in West London had been turned off. On the next Olympic Games, however, another walked away, and only 12 years later, it was determined that the international marathon of 42 km and 195 metres should be expired. ==Competitions and runners[ Edit] == Report of the international marathon of Enschede in 1951 by Polygoon-journalThe marathon requires very much of the physical stamina. The elite in the men's marathon runs with an average speed of around 20 km per hour (2: 06.31 or faster, to be precise; the world record stands at 20.58 km per hour). Also a well-trained athlete can normally only a couple of times a year throughout the contest marathon on speed spouts, because the body needs time to recover. Endurance, speed training, strength training, a balanced dietary scheme (e.g. carbohydrates) and an iron motivation are some ingredients, which make possible the good accomplishment of a marathon.

The half marathon is no Olympic distance, but is regarded as popular race distance. Experienced runners do it sometimes at as additional training. The marathon is also included in the Triathlon. ===Major marathons<span class="mw-editsection" len="338" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="60" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">These marathons ever had more than 30,000 finishers: ===Marathons in Netherlands (topical)<span class="mw-editsection" len="355" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Marathons in Belgium (topical)<span class="mw-editsection" len="352" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Marathons in Netherlands (former)<span class="mw-editsection" len="357" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="48" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">These marathons are no longer held: ===Successful runners<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ====Men<span class="mw-editsection" len="329" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Emil Zátopek (Czecho-Slovakia)- Abebe Bikila (Ethiopia)- Paavo Nurmi (Finland)- Paul Tergat (Kenya)- Haile Gebrselassie (Ethiopia) Dutch runners: Gerard Nijboer - Marti ten Kate - Greg van Hest - Kamiel Maase - Bert van Vlaanderen - Luc krotwaar - Rahul R - Michel Butter Belgian runners: Etienne Gailly - Ada_yu Vj - Karel Lismont - Vincent Rousseau - Armand Parmentier - Marc Smet - Willem Vinod ====Women<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Paula Radcliffe (England)- Anderson-Grete Waitz (Norway) Tegla Loroupe (Kenya)-- Margaret Okayo (Kenya)- Uta Pippig (Germany)- Naoko Takahashi (Japan)- Elfenesh Alemu (Ethiopia) Dutch runners: Carla Beurskens - Anne van Schuppen - Nadezhda Waldron - Lornah Kiplagat - Ingrid Prigge - Hilda Kibet Belgian runners: Marleen Renders ==Records<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The world record for men is 2: 3.23 and is held by the Kenyan Wilson Kipsang, run in 2013 in Berlin. The national record is 2: 07.20 by Vincent Rousseau, run in 1995 during the Berlin Marathon. The Dutch record is 2: 08.21 by Kamiel Maase, run in 2007 during the Amsterdam Marathon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" len="168" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [2]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In the women's world record time of 2: 15.25. This was in april 2003 in London run by Paula Radcliffe, who set the record of the Japanese Naoko Takahashi improved. The Belgian record is 2: 23.05, run in 2002 byMarleen Renders. The Dutch record of 2: 23.43 is since 2 november 2003 in hands of Lornah Kiplagat, walked into New York (3rd place). They improved the old record from 1987 by Carla Beurskens (2: 26.34, Tokyo).Lornah ran in itself the Osaka marathon earlier in 2003 an even faster time (2: 22.22). At the time of that race, however, they have not had the Dutch nationality. ===Athletes under 2 hours 5 minutes<span class="mw-editsection" len="356" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The following athletes have a marathon within 2 hours and 5 minutes. If they managed several times here, only the best time mentioned: ===World Record Development<span class="mw-editsection" len="348" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">World records are recognized for the marathon by the IAAF, and are recognized when the match race course has been officially measured by an international trail meters that need to be a member of the "IAAF/AIMS panel" (level "A" or "B"). This is required because the various marathons not just be compared because the nature of the route (e.g. flat or hilly) plays a large role and not always sure exactly 42.195 km is the distance traveled is or. For a long time therefore spoken of "best world performance" in the marathon instead of world record. ====Men<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;"><sup len="1" style="line-height:1;">1 (Naturalised) ====Women<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] ==== <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;"><sup len="1" style="line-height:1;">1 The first time that a woman officially ran a marathon in less than three hours. ==Other meanings<span class="mw-editsection" len="343" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="133" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The name ' marathon ' is also given for other races long behind each other long distance or practicing the same activity.