Brazil

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do BrasilPortuguese:; IPA: [bɾa ˈ ziw]), is a country in South America bordering French Guiana,Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil, with its 8.5 million square kilometres the largest country in South America (it covers almost half of this continent) and the southern hemisphere and the fifth largest in the world (only Canada, Russia, the United States andChina are larger).



Content
[hide] *1 History  ==History[ Edit] == For thousands of years before Christ were the Amazon basin and the coastal areas of Brazil inhabited by Indians. There were hundreds of native American tribes which in a few larger ethnic groups are divided, with the primary the Guaraní, Tupi and Ge the.
 * 2 Geography
 * 2.1 Cities
 * 2.2 Nature
 * 3 demographics
 * 3.1 demographics
 * 3.2 Language
 * 3.3 Religion
 * 4 points of interest
 * 5 governance and institutions
 * 5.1 public authorities
 * 5.2 administrative divisions
 * 5.3 Education
 * 5.4 Aids
 * 6 Economy
 * 6.1 Export
 * traffic and transport 7
 * 8 see also
 * 9 external links

The first Christian mass in Brazil (Victor Meirelles, 1861)In 1500, Pedro Álvares Cabral Portuguese Navigator demanded in the current Porto Seguro the Brazilian coasts on for the Portuguese Crown. Colonization came from the heavily underway and were in Bahia and Pernambuco founded the first sugar plantations. With the advent of the Marquis of Pombal in the 18th century, the Portuguese authority strengthened. As Brazil was Portuguese in the official language (formerly were indigenous languages such as Tupi and Guaraní were still widespread and even spoken by many European settlers) and protected the Jesuits that the Indians were banned.

From 1630 to 1654, the Brazilian assets owned by the Portuguese Crown partially annexed by the Republic of the seven United Netherlands. The various Governors of the colony sought as much as possible, to lure immigrants to the area, with moderate success. Eventually, the Dutch expelled from the area by the Portuguese in 1654. [4]  See Dutch-Brazil.

In 1807, the Portuguese royal family fled under the leadership of the future King Johan VI, for the army of Napoleon to Brazil, which then was still in Portugal. From that moment became Rio de Janeiro the de facto capital of the Portuguese Empire. Because Portugal, formerly the trade monopoly had on Brazil, was occupied by the French Open had to be the Brazilian ports for foreign ships (English) to avoid isolation. In this period, Rio de Janeiro a power Center of importance, the National Library was established and the first Brazilian universities were founded.

Peter IWhen Johan VI returned to Portugal in 1821 remained his son Peter as regent behind in Brazil. This called the independence in 1822 and showed himself Emperor Peter I crowns. Three years later independence was recognized by Portugal. In 1831, Emperor Pedro I succeeded by Peter II.

In 1889 brought the new elite of coffee barons overthrow the monarchy and set up a Federal Republic in. Until 1930, the Brazilian Government dominated by rural landowners. In the 1930s, however, was under a Government-led military by Getúlio Vargas started the industrialisation. After the resignation of Vargas in 1945 began a process of democratisation, that in 1964, however, abruptly ended when soldiers seized power again.

In 1984 there was a gradual transition to civilian rule, whereby space again came for a further development of a democratic tradition in Brazil. ==Geography[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p lang="en" len="64" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil is characterized by four major geographical units:

North of the Amazon basin lies the Guiana Shield. Here is also the highest mountain in Brazil; the Pico da Neblina 2994 metres high. ===Cities<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brasilia is the capital since 1960; This was before Rio de Janeiro and Salvador to 1763.
 * The tropical coastal strip which was originally covered in rainforest (Mata Atlântica). Here is the colonization begun and are most major cities. This area further South is humid subtropical.
 * The Highlands of Brazil. This area consists of tropical rainforest in the North, to the South becoming wooded savanna (Cerrado).
 * In the northeast of Brazil one finds Sertão, a dry and desert-like area.
 * The Amazon basin in the North and West. Here is mainly the Amazon rainforest and the most threatened wetland River of the world, the Amazon. The climate in this area belongs to the tropical rainforest climate.

<p lang="en" len="33" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The fourteen largest cities are:
 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Brasília
 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Curitiba


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Florianópolis


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Fortaleza


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Goiânia


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Maceió


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Natal


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Porto Alegre


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Recife


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Rio de Janeiro


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">Salvador


 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">São Luis

===Nature<span class="mw-editsection" len="330" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil knows since 1937 a system of national parks with the first park the Itatiaia national park. The following two national parks were created in 1939. Only 20 years later were again parks created. Since that time, the number of increased from 33 in 1990 to 67 in 2010.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EcoBrasil_5-0" len="179" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NG_2010_6-0" len="177" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[6]
 * <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:inherit;">São Paulo

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The size of the parks varies tremendously from the 3300 ha national park, Tijuca to the 3.800.000 hectare national park Montanhas do Tumucumaque . Of the 67 national parks there are 19 protected with a total surface of about 5% of the original Amazon rainforest and about 22 with a surface of 1% of the original Atlantic forest. Seven parks protect the Caatinga ecoregion and twelve the Cerradoecoregion. There are bad six coastal and marine parks, including the Pantanal wetlands. There is no park that protects the pampa .<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EcoBrasil_5-1" len="179" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]  <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NG_2010_6-1" len="177" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[6]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">In 2010 there were 30 parks accessible to the public. The most popular of these are the national park of Tijuca with 1.7 million visitors and the Iguaçu national park with 1 million visitors.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-EcoBrasil_5-2" len="179" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Other famous national parks are Serra dos Órgãos, Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas. Brazil does not know only parks but also beautiful nature such as the Amazon forest. ==Demographics<span class="mw-editsection" len="334" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Tupi-Indian<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has the largest population in South America and is the fifth country in the world in terms of population, the population amounted to 190.010.647 in 2007. At the beginning of the 20th century Brazil counted 18 million inhabitants; that number is now more than tenfold.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" len="169" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [7] ===Demographics<span class="mw-editsection" len="347" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Brazilians are diverse in origin: it is a mixture of Africans, Europeans and Indians. Although elements of African and Native American cultures live on in the Brazilian culture, Brazil has a predominantly Western culture. Approximately 1.4 million Brazilians of Japanese descent and live mainly in the South. The country has the largest Japanese population outside Japan in the world.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" len="169" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [8]  The Chinese community in Brazil who has over two hundred years, has about one hundred and fifty thousand souls.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">About 750,000 Brazilians belong to the native population. Most of them live in the Amazon rainforest, mainly along the Amazon. About 12% of the land surface of Brazil is aside as native area. ===Language<span class="mw-editsection" len="328" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The official language of Brazil is Portuguese<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CIA_People_9-0" len="180" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[9]  (article 13 of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil), the language that almost the entire population speaks and is virtually the only language used in newspapers, on radio and television and for business and administrative purposes. The most famous exception to this is a law on the sign language that was approved by the National Congress of Brazil. The legal recognition took place in 2002,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Libras_2002_10-0" len="183" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[10]  the regulations followed in 2005.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Libras_2005_11-0" len="183" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [11]  the law allows the use of Brazilian sign language, better known by the Portuguese acronym LIBRAS, compulsory in the education and in public administrations. The language should be taught as part of the curricula of the pedagogyand speech therapy training courses. LIBRAS teachers, instructors and translators are recognized professionals. Schools and health care should provide access for the deaf.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Russo2011_12-0" len="181" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [12]

Museum of the Portuguese language in São Paulo, Brazil.<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Many Brazilians are monolingual; those who speak a second language are also mainly Italian or German (especially in the South) because of their origin and Spanish or Englishlanguage as areas of expertise. Large parts of the population include indigenous Brasília languages spoken; This is far in the Interior have now withdrawn.

<p lang="en" len="409" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil is the only country in South America where Portuguese is the official language. ===Religion<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Approximately 86.8% of the population is Christian (64.6% 22.2% Catholic and Protestant), 5.0% and 8.0% other believe has no religion.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [13]. Since 2000, the following of the Catholic Church with about 1% per year, Protestant churches grow by about 1% per year. A portion of the population in the Northeast a supporter of candomblé, a religion that slaves from Africaby the is taken. ==Points Of Interest<span class="mw-editsection" len="343" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ==Governance and institutions<span class="mw-editsection" len="348" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == ===Public Authorities<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === Brazilian Parliament building inBrasilia<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has a federal form of Government, which is based on the Federal Constitution of 1988. The country consists of a federal capital district and 26 States, with each in turn its own Constitution. The Federal Constitution states that the national authority is vested by a president, who is elected for four years by universal suffrage. In the framework of an amendment of 1997 the president can be re-elected only once.
 * Brazil has 18 recognized by the UNESCO World Heritage list included on the World Heritage sites.
 * Sugarloaf Mountain (Brazil)
 * Christ the Redeemer

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">On 27 October 2002, the former trade union leader, the socialist Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva ("Lula"), leader of the PT (Partido dos Trabalhadores) in a second round of elections with around 61% of the vote and was elected president of the Republic to pronounce the first left-wing president of Brazil. He was the successor of Fernando Henrique Cardoso(PSDB, Partido Social Democrático Brasileiro), those two terms at the helm. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva led a centre-left Government from 2003 to 2011.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Since 2011 is Dilma Rousseff, the president of Brazil. She is the first female president in the history of the country.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There is a legislature consisting of a higher Federal Senate and a House of representatives exists. The 81 senators are elected for eight years and the 513 deputies are elected for four years. The president can unilaterally intervene in Affairs of State. Each State has its own Governor and legislature. To the main political parties include: the Brazilian democratic movement party, the Democrats, the Brazilian social democratic party and the workers ' Party of president Dilma Rousseff. All citizens in possession of the State of nationality from the age of 16 have the right to vote. Brazilians between 18 and 70 years old are required to vote. Brazil is a member of the G20, the UN, the Mercosur and the Union of South American Nations. ===Administrative divisions<span class="mw-editsection" len="346" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="93" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil consists of 27 States and 1 federal district, grouped into 5 geographical regions: ===Education<span class="mw-editsection" len="334" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === University building by the Universidade Federal do Paraná<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">After sustained investment, often combined with other social programs such as Bolsa Familia, the Brazilian Government managed to get every child in the classroom. The problem often lies in the low quality of the given education. As a result, there is a thriving sector of private schools for the middle class, where one has the financial resources to be able to teach at a higher level.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The country has a very large number of universities, most of which was founded in the last decades. The majority of universities are private institutions with sometimes high registration fees. To pay for the registration fee, it is quite normal to be able to combine work and study. Only some State and city universities are free. Some universities such as USP, Universidade de São Paulo, have a good reputation all over the world.

<p lang="en" len="105" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Mainly vocational training forms an alternative to those who are not able to pay University. ===Fight Against Aids<span class="mw-editsection" len="340" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">About 600,000 Brazilians are infected with Hiv, 0.3% of the population.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [14]  That is less than some European countries such as Portugal (0.6%) and Spain (0.4%), but more than Netherlands (0.2%).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[15]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Central Government and the Governments of individual States have set up effective HIV/AIDS campaigns. The condom use has risen significantly and the number of infected has remained stable over the last decade.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [16]  the aids programme of Brazil is a model for developing countries become. The number of Hiv infections has stabilized and the number of AIDS-related deaths has dropped.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [17]  Brazil has the main pharmaceutical manufacturers sidestepped and produces cheap generic aids medicines and shares it out for free to those who cannot afford this.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [18] ==Economy<span class="mw-editsection" len="333" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == An Embraer ERJ-135 aircraft. Brazil is the third largest commercial aircraft producer in the world.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [19] <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has Latin America's largest economy. The country has a mixed economy with abundant natural resources. Brazil is expected over the coming decades, the fifth largest economy in the world will be, also with an increasing gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. The current per capita GDP amounts to € 7760, the 64th of the world according to world bank data. Brazil has a developed agricultural, mining, industrial, and service sectors.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Economic growth in Brazil is increasing, but remains relatively seen behind other BRIC countries.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [20]  After the recession of 2002 and 2003 is economic growth the rise again. The distribution of wealth also improves and Brazil in 2005 had a Gini coefficient of 0,569.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [21]  Brazil is more and more present in foreign financial markets, and is one of the four BRIC emerging countries that together is called. There is a lot of trade with the European Union, the United States, Argentina and Japan.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Most of the Brazil's electricity comes from hydropower. The Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is the largest in the country after the Three Gorges Dam in China and the largest in the world. Brazil possesses an extensive largely untapped hydro-electric potential, particularly in the Amazon basin.

<p lang="en" len="361" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has its own space programme (INPE). ===Export<span class="mw-editsection" len="331" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === Brazil is the largest producer ofcoffee in the world<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Major export industries are aircraft, electrical appliances, automobiles, ethanol, textiles, footwear, iron ore, steel, coffee, orange juice, soybeans and sugar. Aircraft manufacturerEmbraer is the fourth largest commercial aircraft manufacturer of the world. It is also important for the export earnings from Brazil. In the export of oil is Brazil the 31st in the world.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[22]

<p lang="en" len="289" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil is in the top of the world when it comes to export products:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" len="171" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[23] ==Traffic and transport<span class="mw-editsection" len="343" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == The Rodovia dos Imigrantes-motorway in the State of São Paulo<p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Brazilian transportation system comprises an extensive road network, supplemented by a limited system of river transport, railways and aviation. The plan to create a transportation network that would connect with each other across the country, emerged during the democracies, especially during those of Getúlio Vargas and Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira. Brazil has great car builders on his territory, such as Volkswagen, FIAT, Renault, Peugeot, Citroën, Chrysler, Mercedes-Benz, Hyundai and Toyota. In addition, Brazil 2980 km pipelines for crude oil; petroleumproducts 4.762 km; gas 4.246 km (1998).

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">There are approximately 2,498 airports in Brazil, landing sites included. The country has the second largest number of airports of the world, just behind the United States. The airports of São Paulo, Congonhas and Guarulhos are the largest and busiest in the country. This is to a large extent to the fact that the airport of São Paulo maintains connections with almost all major cities of the world. Brazil has 35 international airports and 2464 regional airports. In Rio de Janeiro is the third important Galeão international airport,.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">With approximately 1.355.000 km of highways are roads the main transport option for passengers and goods in Brazilian traffic. Since the beginning of the Republic, the public authorities have always given priority to the transport on roads, at the expense of transportation by rail and via waterways. The president Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (1956-1960) was an important stimulator of the building of highways. The arrival of large car Kubitscheck was responsible for builders to the country, Volkswagen, Ford and General Motors established factories in Brazil during his presidency, and the building of freeways was a great incentive.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has about 27.882 km (1,122 km electric) to railways. However, nowadays the Government tries, in contrast to the past, to encourage other means of transport, especially the rail network. An example of this incentive is the project of the Rio-São Paulo high-speed train, a bullet train that will connect two major metropolises of the country. The State rail network has international connections with Argentina through Uruguaiana, Corumbá and Bolivia Uruguay via via Santana do Livramento and the Jaguarão.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil had a hundred tram systems. Currently, there are a number of old (mostly tourist) tram lines in operation in Belém, Campinas, Campos de Jordao, Itatinga, Rio de Janeiroand Santos. The following cities have a metro: Belo Horizonte, Brasilia, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Fortaleza.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Brazil has about 50,000 km navigable waterways and 37 major ports, of which that of the largest general Santos port. Here was some 90 million tonnes of cargo processed in 2012, of which about a third containers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AAPAPB_24-0" len="178" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [24] two ports which are specifically equipped for the handling of iron ore are just bigger, both with an annual throughput of over 100 million tons.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AAPAPB_24-1" len="178" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [24]  these are Porto de Tubarão in Espírito Santo and Ponta da Madeira in the Northern Brazilian State of Maranhão. In total, 900 million tons in the State ports processed in 2012.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AAPAPB_24-2" len="178" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [24]  ports are be found in Belém, Fortaleza, Ilhéus, Manaus, Imbituba, Paranaguá, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande, São Sebastião, Salvador, Vitória and Itajaí.