Economy of Netherlands

Netherlands is a prosperous country with an open economy that heavily relies on foreign trade. The economy is characterized by relatively low inflation, stable relationships, a sound financial policy and an important role as a European transport vein. Chemistry, food processing, oil refining and the manufacture of electrical appliances are the main industrial activities.

In the intensive, mechanized agriculture and horticulture works, although only 4% of the Dutch labor force, but by the sector are enormous amounts of food for the food processing industry and the output produced. After the United States and Netherlands is the second exporting country in the field of agricultural and horticultural products[1]. The Dutch economy is about the fifteenth to twentieth economy in the world, depending on how it is measured. A few years ago was still the 10th economy in the world but Netherlands Netherlands is overtaken by fast-growing economies such as Mexico, South Korea and Indonesia.

The Dutch economy made by a big growth spurt in the late 1990s with growth rates above 4%. In the first years after the turn of the century is the growth decreased.The internet bubble and the terrorist attacks in the United States on 11 september 2001 have played an important role here. In 2006 and 2007 the economy grew by more than 3%, but in response to the global crisis, there was a contraction of 3.5% in 2009, followed by a very limited growth and a huge national debt and unemployment from 2010 to the present.

Netherlands was one of the first countries that the decision on the euro as the European currency have ratified it. Since 1 January 2002, the the sole legal tender currency (with transitional period for Exchange). In the special municipalities Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba is the US dollar legal tender on 1 January 2011 (again with transitional period). [2]



Content
[hide] *Sectors 1  ==Sectors[ Edit] == ===Energy[ Edit] === One of the largest energy companies in the world for sixty percent of Dutch origin. The Royal Dutch Shell has its headquarters in the Hague and is derived from theDutch East Indiesin oil production. Netherlands itself has a very limited stock of oil in the bottom of the North Sea. Of great importance, however, is the natural gasdiscovered in 1959 stock near the Groningen Slochteren. With this natural gas field in Slochteren Netherlands is the second largest producer of natural gas in the European Union. The stock natural gas is estimated at 0.9% of the world supply. Netherlands wins 30 percent of the European Union 's natural gas extraction and 2.7% of the world. Netherlands wants to retain its leading position by a central role in the transit of gas from other countries. By the presence of the large natural gas reserves but nuclear energy plays a relatively small role in the energy policy of Netherlands. The Dodewaard nuclear power plant has worked for nearly 30 years until they became closed in 1997. As of 2009, is the only functioning nuclear power station the Borssele nuclear power plant. Closure of this plant is delayed until 2033.Alternative forms of energy (biomass, solar, wind) play a modest role and deliver about 5% of the total energy production. ===Arable and horticulture<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Although agriculture for foreigners is often associated with the Dutch economy, by traditional products such as cheese, tulips and works but 2% of the population in this sector. The presence of the Dutch companies in the field of flowers, flower bulbs and glorified seeds in the world economy, however, is significant. ===Animal Husbandry<span class="mw-editsection" len="337" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Fisheries<span class="mw-editsection" len="337" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Industry<span class="mw-editsection" len="338" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p lang="en" len="536" style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Agricultural industry, metal industry and mechanical engineering and installations, manufacture of electrical appliances and equipment, chemical production, oil processing, construction, micro-electronics, fishing
 * 1.1 Energy
 * 1.2 Arable and horticulture
 * 1.3 animal husbandry
 * 1.4 Fisheries
 * 1.5 Industry
 * 1.6 Trade and banking
 * 1.7 transport
 * 1.8 tourism
 * 2 BNP
 * 3 labour force
 * 4 currency
 * Pig Breeders
 * Poultry Farming
 * Stock
 * Dairy Products
 * Catch
 * Fisheries in Netherlands
 * Fishing

===Trade and banking<span class="mw-editsection" len="348" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The financial institutions have always played a large role in the Dutch economy after the second world war. Insurers and banks have in some cases large conglomerates forged. This model of a combination of banking and insurance is since the outbreak of the credit crisis no longer popular because the risks are more difficult to control. The group will then be ING Group also split in a bank and an insurer, for example, in October 2009.
 * Industrial production growth rate: 3.2% (2000)
 * Main companies: Shell, Unilever, KLM, ASML, DSM, Akzo Nobel, Philips, Aegon, ING Group, Rabobank Group, Heineken, Post EN and Randstad.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Dutch stock market is merged into Euronext. The stock market has a history of pioneering. It was the first stock exchange in the world with the VOC and the first stock trading derivatives exchange in Europe. ===Transport<span class="mw-editsection" len="338" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ===Tourism<span class="mw-editsection" len="337" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] === ==BNP<span class="mw-editsection" len="333" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == Inflation rate of the Dutch economy between 1963 and 2008.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [3] <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The gross national product of Netherlands was 550 billion euros in 2011.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [4]  This is the seventh economy of Europe Netherlands to size (if Turkey is not included) and the largest of the "small" European countries. It just needs the economies of France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain and Poland for be. Per capita Netherlands does relatively well in Europe: Netherlands has the highest average income of Luxembourg after the EU.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The last 10 years the inflation is relatively stable with rates between 1 and 2.5% on an annual basis.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [5]

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The annual growth of the Dutch GDP<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[6]  :

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1996 3.4%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1997 4.3%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1998 3.9%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">1999 4.7%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2000 3.9%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2001 1.9%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2002 0.1%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2003 0.3%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2004 2.2%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2005 2.0%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2006 3.4%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2007 3.9%

<p lang="en" len="9" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2008 1.8%

<p lang="en" len="10" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2009-3.7%

<p lang="en" len="11" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2010 * * 1.6%

<p lang="en" len="10" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2011 * 1.0%

<p lang="en" len="11" style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">2012 *-1.0% ==Working Population<span class="mw-editsection" len="346" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">The Netherlands's labour force was estimated at 7,715 million people in 2008. Thus it takes the 57th place in the rankings of countries by working population.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [7]  as in many modern economies most of the population works in the service sector (73%). Agriculture has a in comparison with neighbouring countries, a relatively high percentage of the labour force by 2%, this is due to the modern greenhouse horticulture, flower bulb cultivation and processing of seeds. ==Currency<span class="mw-editsection" len="341" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;font-family:sans-serif;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">[ Edit<span class="mw-editsection-bracket" len="1" style="color:rgb(85,85,85);">] == <p style="margin-top:0.5em;line-height:22.3999996185303px;color:rgb(37,37,37);font-family:sans-serif;">Since 1 January 2002 is the official currency of the Dutch economy the European currency the Euro, which succeeded the guilder . The price of gold was already pinned to the euro since 1 January 1999, with a rate of 2,20371 guilders per euro. The euro was between 1999 and 2002 as a means of payment in international traffic as trading on the stock market. Starting from 2002 the euro became the sole legal tender for all transactions. Pursuant to the Law reckoning BERRY <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]  1 January 2011 is on the US dollar as an official currency in Caribbean Netherlands entered. Until that date the Antillian Guilder was the official currency.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" len="174" style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;"> [9]